'Binge' drinkers at Massachusetts colleges. Prevalence, drinking style, time trends, and associated problems.
'Binge' drinkers at Massachusetts colleges. Prevalence, drinking style, time trends, and associated problems.
复制标题
马萨诸塞州大学的“狂饮”者。
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1992.03480210091038
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Isaac
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Wechsler;N. Isaac
目标
将大学新生的饮酒模式与 12 年前同类学校学生的饮酒模式进行比较，并详细描述“暴饮暴食”饮酒者和“不暴饮暴食”饮酒者之间的差异。
设计
邮寄调查。
设置
马萨诸塞州有十四所四年制大学。
参加者
共有大学一年级学生1669人。
主要成果指标
该调查工具包含多种关于饮酒行为、态度和后果的自我报告措施。 “暴饮暴食”是指在过去两周内一次或多次饮酒五杯或五杯以上。
主要结果
1977 年至 1989 年的调查中，“经常大量”饮酒者的比例保持不变（男性为 30%，女性为 31%；女性为 13%，女性为 14%），但如今的学生更频繁地喝醉，并且更有动力为了喝醉而喝酒。 1989 年，认为“喝醉”是“某种程度上”或“非常重要”的饮酒原因的学生比例是 1977 年的两到三倍。在 1989 年接受调查的学生中，酗酒者比不酗酒者饮酒量更大、更有规律，并且经历了更多的中毒和与酒精相关的问题。近一半的酗酒者（46.5% 的男性，48.3% 的女性）在过去一个月内喝过两次或两次以上，而非酗酒者的这一比例为 5% 或更少。
结论
大学生频繁酗酒的现象随着时间的推移保持稳定，这表明社会和制度政策显然未能改变这种行为。尤其是酗酒者，其饮酒模式和态度使他们及其周围的人面临更大的不良后果风险。
OBJECTIVE
To compare drinking patterns among college freshmen with those found among students at similar schools 12 years ago, and to describe in detail the differences between "binge" drinkers and "nonbinge" drinkers.
DESIGN
Mailed survey.
SETTING
Fourteen 4-year colleges in Massachusetts.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 1669 first-year college students.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The survey instrument contains a variety of self-report measures of drinking behaviors, attitudes, and consequences. "Binge" drinking is defined as the consumption of five or more drinks on one or more occasions in the past 2 weeks.
MAIN RESULTS
The proportion of "frequent-heavy" drinkers remained constant between the 1977 and 1989 surveys (30% vs 31% of men; 13% vs 14% of women), but today's students get intoxicated more often and are more motivated to drink to get drunk. The proportion of students who said "to get drunk" was a "somewhat" or "very important" reason for drinking was two to three times as high in 1989 as in 1977. Among students surveyed in 1989, binge drinkers drank greater quantities, with greater regularity, and experienced more intoxication and alcohol-associated problems than did nonbinge drinkers. Close to half of the binge drinkers (46.5% of men, 48.3% of women) were drunk twice or more in the past month, compared with 5% or fewer of the nonbinge drinkers.
CONCLUSIONS
The stability over time of the prevalence of frequent heavy drinking among college students indicates an apparent failure of both social and institutional policies to alter this behavior. Binge drinkers in particular appear to be a population whose drinking patterns and attitudes place them and those around them at increased risk for adverse consequences.