Influence of tumors on protective anti-tumor immunity and the effects of irradiation.
Influence of tumors on protective anti-tumor immunity and the effects of irradiation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fonc.2013.00014
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Pockley AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foulds GA;Radons J;Kreuzer M;Multhoff G;Pockley AG
先天性和适应性免疫在癌症的发展和进展中起着重要作用，并且越来越明显的是，肿瘤可以以多种方式影响潜在保护性应答的诱导。免疫调节性T细胞群在癌症患者的循环和肿瘤中的流行率增加，并且这些细胞的存在似乎对诱导肿瘤免疫存在主要障碍。肿瘤介导的免疫调节的一个方面是针对自然杀伤（NK）细胞的，尽管癌症患者NK细胞群体的表型和功能被修饰的证据正在积累。虽然这些局部和全身免疫调节作用的确切机制尚不清楚，但肿瘤衍生因子似乎至少部分参与其中。这些作用可以通过改变功能和/或通过影响单个细胞亚群的迁移特性来表现。更好地了解内源性免疫调节机制和肿瘤改变先天性和适应性免疫细胞的表型和功能的能力，可能有助于开发新的免疫治疗方法，并改善癌症患者的管理。本文回顾了目前的知识，肿瘤的保护性抗肿瘤免疫的影响，并认为潜在的影响，辐射诱导的影响可能对癌症患者的先天性和适应性免疫细胞的患病率，表型和功能。
Innate and adaptive immunity plays important roles in the development and progression of cancer and it is becoming apparent that tumors can influence the induction of potentially protective responses in a number of ways. The prevalence of immunoregulatory T cell populations in the circulation and tumors of patients with cancer is increased and the presence of these cells appears to present a major barrier to the induction of tumor immunity. One aspect of tumor-mediated immunoregulation which has received comparatively little attention is that which is directed toward natural killer (NK) cells, although evidence that the phenotype and function of NK cell populations are modified in patients with cancer is accumulating. Although the precise mechanisms underlying these localized and systemic immunoregulatory effects remain unclear, tumor-derived factors appear, in part at least, to be involved. The effects could be manifested by an altered function and/or via an influence on the migratory properties of individual cell subsets. A better insight into endogenous immunoregulatory mechanisms and the capacity of tumors to modify the phenotype and function of innate and adaptive immune cells might assist the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches and improve the management of patients with cancer. This article reviews current knowledge relating to the influence of tumors on protective anti-tumor immunity and considers the potential influence that radiation-induced effects might have on the prevalence, phenotype, and function of innate and adaptive immune cells in patients with cancer.