Lower-limb mechanics during the support phase of maximum-velocity sprint running
Lower-limb mechanics during the support phase of maximum-velocity sprint running
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e318162d162
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Salo, Aki I. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bezodis, Ian N.;Kerwin, David G.;Salo, Aki I. T.
介绍：运动员在短跑支撑阶段产生的力量是决定成绩的重要因素。本研究旨在通过对短跑运动员最大速度冲刺支撑阶段关节动力学的综合分析，提高对短跑技术的认识。方法：四名训练有素的短跑运动员进行最大努力60米短跑。二维高速视频（200赫兹）和地面反作用力（1000赫兹）的数据收集在45米的标记。水平速度，步长，步频，和归一化的力矩，功率和工作，通过逆动力学，计算了两个试验在每个运动员。结果如下：髋伸肌在站立早期进行正功（标准化值= 0.063 +/- 0.017），跖屈肌在站立晚期进行正功（标准化值= 0.053 +/- 0.010）。膝伸肌在整个站立过程中的正功产生中起着微不足道的作用。结论：与以前的研究结果相反，在支撑阶段的后半部分，膝关节力矩对发电没有实质性的贡献。这可以部分地由短跑最大速度阶段的特定技术要求来解释。然而，发电的髋关节伸肌在早期的立场和跖屈肌在后期的立场的主要时期进行了观察。因此，在支撑阶段，膝关节的动作可能更多地促进了动力从髋关节通过踝关节向跑道的径向传递。
Introduction: The forces produced by an athlete during the support phase of a sprint run are a vital determinant of the outcome of the performance. The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding of sprint technique in well-trained sprinters through the comprehensive analysis of joint kinetics during the support phase of a maximum-velocity sprint. Methods: Four well-trained sprinters performed maximum-effort 60-m sprints. Two-dimensional highspeed video (200 Hz) and ground-reaction force (1000 Hz) data were collected at the 45-m mark. Horizontal velocity, step length, step frequency, and normalized moment, power, and work, via inverse dynamics, were calculated for two trials in each athlete. Results: The hip extensors performed positive work in early stance (normalized value = 0.063 +/- 0.017), and the plantar flexors performed positive work in late stance (normalized value = 0.053 +/- 0.010). The knee extensors played a negligible role in positive work generation throughout stance. Conclusions: In contrast to previous findings, the knee moment did not contribute substantially to power generation during the latter part of the support phase. This may be explained in part by the specific technical requirements of the maximum-velocity phase of the sprint. However, major periods of power generation of the hip extensors in early stance and of the plantar flexors in late stance were observed. The action of the knee joint during the support phase may therefore have been more of a facilitator for the radial transfer of power from the hip through the ankle on to the track.