Predictive factors of chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in rape victims
Predictive factors of chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in rape victims
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DOI：
10.1016/s0924-9338(98)80045-x
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Gaillard, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Darves-Bornoz, JM;Lepine, JP;Gaillard, P
本研究旨在探讨强奸后的心理障碍和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的病程，并确定慢性PTSD的临床预测因素。73名强奸受害者被观察到在一个系统的后续研究超过1年后，强奸结构化访谈时间表。创伤后应激障碍的发生率非常高。强奸后1年预测PTSD的早期障碍包括躯体形式障碍和分离性障碍、广场恐怖症和特定恐怖症以及抑郁和性别认同障碍和酗酒。经逐步Logistic回归分析发现，对强奸后1年慢性PTSD有较好预测作用的模型有：家庭内强奸、强奸外的身体攻击、强奸时的身体暴力，对强奸后1年的心理行为态度有较好预测作用的模型有：低自尊、持久的空虚感和逃避感;以及早期精神障碍、广场恐怖症和抑郁症。最后，在所有这些预测因素中，强奸期间的身体暴力，低自尊，永久的空虚感和广场恐惧症被证明是一个强大的预测模型。在研究中发现的慢性创伤后应激障碍的预测因素等特征的人应该被询问强奸史和创伤后应激障碍的症状。(C)1998年爱思唯尔，巴黎。
This study aimed to investigate the psychological disorders following rape as well as the course of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and to determine clinical factors predictive of chronic PTSD. Seventy-three rape victims were observed in a systematic follow-up study over 1 year following rape using structured interview schedules. The frequency of PTSD was massive. The early disorders predicting PTSD 1 year after rape included somatoform and dissociative disorders, agoraphobia and specific phobias as well as depressive and gender identity disorders and alcohol abuse. Through stepwise logistic regressions, the following were found to be good models of prediction of chronic PTSD 1 year after rape: for the characteristics of the traumas, intrafamily rape, being physically assaulted outside rape, and added physical violence during rape; for the early psychological and behavioural attitudes, low self-esteem, permanent feelings of emptiness and running away; and for early mental disorders, agoraphobia and depressive disorders. Finally, among all these predictive factors, added physical violence during rape, low self-esteem, permanent feelings of emptiness and agoraphobia were shown to constitute a strong model of predictors. People presenting features such as the predictive factors of chronic PTSD found in the study should be asked about a history of rape and symptoms of PTSD. (C) 1998 Elsevier, Paris.