Conditioned Hallucinations and Prior Overweighting Are State-Sensitive Markers of Hallucination Susceptibility.
Conditioned Hallucinations and Prior Overweighting Are State-Sensitive Markers of Hallucination Susceptibility.
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条件性幻觉和先前体重过重是幻觉易感性的状态敏感标志。
DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.05.007
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发表时间：
2022-11-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
计算精神病学的最新进展已经确定了潜在的认知和感知状态，易患精神病症状。与贝叶斯模型拟合的行为数据已经证明了对先验的过度依赖（即，先前的过度加权）。然而，该观察结果的临床效用取决于其反映静态症状风险或当前症状状态的程度。为了确定任务表现和估计的先验权重是否与症状表达的特定元素相关，一个大的、异质的和深表型的幻觉者（N = 249）和非幻觉者（N=209）的样本进行了条件性幻觉（CH）任务。我们发现CH率可以预测幻觉状态的稳定措施。然而，CH率对幻觉状态更敏感，与任务完成前两天的幻觉严重程度测量值显著相关，并受到对过去经验（先验）高度依赖的驱动。为了进一步测试CH率和症状严重程度的先验的敏感性，一个子集的参与者与幻觉（AH+; N = 40）进行了重复测量版本的CH任务。CH频率和相对先前权重的变化随随访时AH频率的变化而变化。这些结果支持使用CH率和先前的超重作为幻觉状态的状态标记，这在跟踪疾病发展和治疗反应中可能有用。
Recent advances in computational psychiatry have identified latent cognitive and perceptual states that predispose to psychotic symptoms. Behavioral data fit to Bayesian models have demonstrated an over-reliance on priors (i.e., prior over-weighting) during perception in select samples of individuals with hallucinations. However, the clinical utility of this observation depends on the extent to which it reflects static symptom risk or current symptom state. To determine whether task performance and estimated prior weighting related to specific elements of symptom expression, a large, heterogeneous, and deeply-phenotyped sample of hallucinators (N = 249) and non-hallucinators (N=209) performed the Conditioned Hallucination (CH) task. We found that CH rates could predict stable measures of hallucination status. However, CH rates were more sensitive to hallucination state, significantly correlating with hallucination severity measures over the two days leading up to task completion and driven by heightened reliance on past experiences (priors). To further test the sensitivity of CH rate and priors to symptom severity, a subset of participants with hallucinations (AH+; N = 40) performed a repeated-measures version of the CH task. Changes in both CH frequency and relative prior weighting varied with changes in AH frequency on follow-up. These results support the use of CH rate and prior over-weighting as state markers of hallucination status, potentially useful in tracking disease development and treatment response.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
LAUNAY, G;SLADE, P
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
3.7
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Kim RS;Seitz AR;Shams L
通讯作者：
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