Positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prediction of dementia.
Positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prediction of dementia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jalz.2005.11.002
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jagust, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jagust, William
背景技术背景：脑成像技术如磁共振成像（MRI）和正电子发射断层扫描（PET）的发展为痴呆的诊断和痴呆患者的预测提供了沿着帮助。方法：本文综述了结构MRI和PET扫描脑成像技术在痴呆诊断和痴呆患者预测中的应用。结果：长期以来，通过使用MRI等结构成像技术来排除疾病的非退行性原因，诊断得到了加强。最近，葡萄糖代谢示踪剂[（18）F]氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）的PET成像可能有助于提供有关生活中痴呆病因的信息，特别是在区分阿尔茨海默病和额颞叶变性方面。除了诊断，潜在的治疗进展增加了人们对痴呆症预测的兴趣。MR和FDG-PET都显示出证据表明，在几个模型中的个人在痴呆症的风险，包括那些轻度认知障碍和遗传风险factors.CONCLUSIONS：虽然这些研究还没有先进的前瞻性个人受试者的预测能力的水平，出现的数据的模式表明可能的候选方法，这样的研究。新技术的出现，如PET淀粉样蛋白成像和功能性MRI可能最终与诊断和预测相关。
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of dementia, along with the prediction of who will develop dementia, has been assisted by the development of the brain imaging techniques of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).METHODS: This paper reviews the brain imaging technologies of structural MRI and PET scanning as they have been applied to both the diagnosis of dementia and prediction of who will develop dementia.RESULTS: Diagnosis has long been enhanced by the use of structural imaging techniques like MRI to rule out non-degenerative causes of disease. More recently, PET imaging with the glucose metabolic tracer [(18)F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) may be useful in providing information on the cause of dementia during life, most specifically in differentiating Alzheimer's disease from frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In addition to diagnosis, potential therapeutic advances have increased interest in prediction of dementia. Both MR and FDG-PET have shown evidence of change in brain structure and metabolism in several models of individuals at-risk for dementia, including those with mild cognitive impairment and genetic risk factors.CONCLUSIONS: While these studies have not yet advanced to the level of prospective individual-subject predictive ability, the pattern of data emerging suggests likely candidate approaches for such studies. The advent of newer techniques such as amyloid imaging with PET and functional MRI may ultimately have relevance for both diagnosis and prediction.