Genetic influences on cortical myelination in the human brain
Genetic influences on cortical myelination in the human brain
复制标题
遗传对人脑皮质髓鞘形成的影响
DOI：
10.1111/gbb.12537
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Liu, Bing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Shu;Li, Ang;Liu, Bing
皮质髓鞘形成是神经元间通讯和神经发育的关键，据报道它受遗传控制。然而，基因对髓鞘形成的可变性、遗传控制的模式以及基因如何影响髓鞘形成的组织的程度在很大程度上是未知的。为了回答这些问题，本研究使用来自人类连接组计划谱系队列（n = 873，383/490 M/F，22-36岁）的高质量结构磁共振成像（MRI）扫描计算了皮质区域髓鞘形成的遗传性估计。然后，我们使用转录谱来评估髓鞘形成相关基因的贡献（数据来自艾伦人脑图谱），以解释皮层髓鞘形成的区域间差异。我们的研究结果表明，所有的皮质区都受到遗传因素的中度到中度影响（h（2）= 29%-66%，Bonferroni校正后所有Ps < 0.05）。皮质髓鞘形成的遗传控制表现为双侧对称性和前-后分级。一个双变量模型表明，该地区是强烈的遗传相关性与他们的同源物在相反的大脑半球。交叉模态分析没有发现皮质髓鞘形成和髓鞘形成相关基因的表达水平之间的相关性。这可能是由于每个皮质区域中具有表达数据的样本数量较少。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，皮质髓鞘形成是由遗传因素形成的，可能有助于弥合潜在的遗传变异和认知功能以及相关的神经精神疾病。
Cortical myelination, which is essential for interneuronal communication and neurodevelopment, has been reported to be under genetic control. However, the degree to which genes contribute to the variability of myelination, the pattern of genetic control, and how genes influence the organization of myelination are largely unknown. To answer these questions, the present study calculated heritability estimates for myelination of the cortical regions using the high quality structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from the Human Connectome Project pedigree cohort (n = 873, 383/490 M/F, 22-36 years of age). Then, we used transcriptional profiles to evaluate the contribution of myelination-related genes (data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas) to explain interregional variations in cortical myelination. Our results showed that all the cortical areas were modestly to moderately influenced by genetic factors (h(2) = 29%-66%, all Ps < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction). The genetic control of cortical myelination showed bilateral symmetry and an anterior-to-posterior gradation. A bivariate model indicated that the regions are strongly genetically correlated with their homologs in the opposite cerebral hemisphere. A cross-modal analysis did not find a correlation between cortical myelination and the expression levels of myelination-related genes. This could have been due to the small number of samples with expression data in each cortical region. Overall, our findings suggest that cortical myelination is shaped by genetic factors and may be useful to bridge the underlying genetic variants and the cognitive functioning and related neuropsychiatric disorders.