Climate change alters the structure of arctic marine food webs due to poleward shifts of boreal generalists.
Climate change alters the structure of arctic marine food webs due to poleward shifts of boreal generalists.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.1546
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发表时间：
2015-09-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Aschan M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kortsch S;Primicerio R;Fossheim M;Dolgov AV;Aschan M
最近在北极记录了气候驱动的向极移动，导致物种组成和相对丰度的变化。移动速度最快的物种是北方多面手鱼类，预计将对北极海洋食物网结构和生态系统功能产生重大影响。在这里，我们解决结构变化引起的食物网水平的极向移动通过拓扑网络分析的高分辨率的北方和北极的巴伦支海的食物网。我们发现北方和北极食物网之间的结构特性和链接配置相当大的差异，后者是模块化和连接较少。我们发现，一个主要特点的北方鱼类向极地移动到巴伦支海的北极地区是高通性，增加连通性和减少北极海洋食物网的模块化的属性。我们的研究结果表明，栖息地形成自然边界的食物网模块，通才发挥了重要的功能作用，耦合远洋和底栖模块。我们认为，这些栖息地耦合器有可能促进栖息地之间的能量和物质的转移，但也扰动的传播，从而改变北极海洋食物网结构显着影响生态系统的动态和功能。
Climate-driven poleward shifts, leading to changes in species composition and relative abundances, have been recently documented in the Arctic. Among the fastest moving species are boreal generalist fish which are expected to affect arctic marine food web structure and ecosystem functioning substantially. Here, we address structural changes at the food web level induced by poleward shifts via topological network analysis of highly resolved boreal and arctic food webs of the Barents Sea. We detected considerable differences in structural properties and link configuration between the boreal and the arctic food webs, the latter being more modular and less connected. We found that a main characteristic of the boreal fish moving poleward into the arctic region of the Barents Sea is high generalism, a property that increases connectance and reduces modularity in the arctic marine food web. Our results reveal that habitats form natural boundaries for food web modules, and that generalists play an important functional role in coupling pelagic and benthic modules. We posit that these habitat couplers have the potential to promote the transfer of energy and matter between habitats, but also the spread of pertubations, thereby changing arctic marine food web structure considerably with implications for ecosystem dynamics and functioning.