Characterising phosphorus and nitrate inputs to a rural river using high-frequency concentration-flow relationships
Characterising phosphorus and nitrate inputs to a rural river using high-frequency concentration-flow relationships
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.086
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Palmer-Felgate, E. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowes, M. J.;Jarvie, H. P.;Palmer-Felgate, E. J.
从2010年1月至2011年12月，对英格兰南部Enbome河的总活性磷(Trp)和硝酸盐浓度进行了每小时一次的监测。利用这些高频营养物浓度信号与流量之间的关系，通过研究滞后模式，推断出营养源和动态在年周期和每个单独的风暴事件中的变化。Trp浓度随着流量的增加表现出强烈的稀释模式，并且在风暴事件中主要表现为顺时针滞后。尽管英格兰南部的Enbome集水区相对较农村，但在一年的大部分时间里，Trp的输入主要是来自污水处理厂(STW)的持续的、与雨水无关的输入，在整个春夏生长季产生了最高的磷浓度。在河流流量较大时，大部分TRP负荷来自河道内对底泥中磷的再动员，其中很大一部分也来自STW输入。因此，未来的磷缓解措施应侧重于改善STW。只有在每年5月的暴风雨期间，农业弥漫的Trp投入才明显，这可能与土地上施用有机肥有关。硝酸盐浓度-流动关系产生了一系列稀释曲线，表明主要输入来自地下水，其次是STW。在冬季的第一次大风暴期间，观测到了具有逆时针滞后轨迹的显着的农业投入扩散。对磷和硝酸盐在多个风暴中的高频时间序列数据、浓度-流量关系和滞后行为的同时调查，为提供对营养源和动态的新见解提供了一种简单而创新的方法。皇冠版权所有(C)2015由爱思唯尔B.V.出版。保留所有权利。
The total reactive phosphorus (TRP) and nitrate concentrations of the River Enbome, southern England, were monitored at hourly interval between January 2010 and December 2011. The relationships between these high-frequency nutrient concentration signals and flow were used to infer changes in nutrient source and dynamics through the annual cycle and each individual storm event, by studying hysteresis patterns. TRP concentrations exhibited strong dilution patterns with increasing flow, and predominantly clockwise hysteresis through storm events. Despite the Enbome catchment being relatively rural for southern England, TRP inputs were dominated by constant, non-rain-related inputs from sewage treatment works (STW) for the majority of the year, producing the highest phosphorus concentrations through the spring-summer growing season. At higher river flows, the majority of the TRP load was derived from within-channel remobilisation of phosphorus from the bed sediment, much of which was also derived from STW inputs. Therefore, future phosphorus mitigation measures should focus on STW improvements. Agricultural diffuse TRP inputs were only evident during storms in the May of each year, probably relating to manure application to land. The nitrate concentration-flow relationship produced a series of dilution curves, indicating major inputs from groundwater and to a lesser extent STW. Significant diffuse agricultural inputs with anticlockwise hysteresis trajectories were observed during the first major storms of the winter period. The simultaneous investigation of high-frequency time series data, concentration-flow relationships and hysteresis behaviour through multiple storms for both phosphorus and nitrate offers a simple and innovative approach for providing new insights into nutrient sources and dynamics. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.