Mothers' challenges with the parental control of 3-year-old children in Japan: A qualitative study
Mothers' challenges with the parental control of 3-year-old children in Japan: A qualitative study
复制标题
日本母亲对 3 岁儿童的父母控制所面临的挑战：一项定性研究
DOI：
10.1111/cch.12666
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Michiyo HIRANO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ryuta Onishi;Kazuko Saeki;Michiyo HIRANO
背景父母经常与3岁儿童的消极情绪作斗争，以施加父母的控制。虽然大多数关于父母控制的研究来自西方文化，但日本母亲可能会面临独特的挑战，因为他们的社会文化背景。因此，我们探讨了母亲的挑战，在日本施加父母控制3岁的儿童。MethodsA描述性定性方法。参与者是10名有3-4岁孩子的日本母亲。我们进行了个人的半结构化访谈和分析的数据，通过定性内容analysis.ResultsWe发现四个类别和结构的挑战，母亲在施加父母的控制。母亲的控制尝试有四个主要意图，每个意图都有不同的主题（即，儿童、家庭和社会）。父母控制方面的大多数挑战来自母亲的“父母责任意识”。在面对孩子试图施加父母的控制时，母亲们感到“与孩子的消极态度作斗争”，这使她们认识到，她们找不到正确的管教方法。此外，在面对角色冲突时，母亲们经历了“作为父母寻求正义答案的困惑”。有些母亲开始觉得自己是在以自己的方式发现自己的母性角色，而不是找到正确的答案，这就形成了一种“我自己的育儿方式没有不正确的信念”母亲在对3岁的孩子施加父母控制方面所面临的挑战是他们反思自己作为父母的转折点。然而，由于社会对父母和母亲在家庭中的多重角色的监督，母亲可能难以完全克服父母控制的挑战。有必要在母亲所属的社区中培养社会资本，并创造一种社区成员能够热情照顾父母的氛围。
BackgroundParents often struggle against the negativism of 3‐year‐old children in exerting parental control. Although most research on parental control is from western cultures, Japanese mothers may face unique challenges because of their sociocultural background. We therefore explored mothers' challenges in exerting parental control over 3‐year‐old children in Japan.MethodsA descriptive qualitative approach was adopted. The participants were 10 Japanese mothers with children aged 3–4 years. We conducted individual semistructured interviews and analysed the data via qualitative content analysis.ResultsWe found four categories and a structure of the challenges mothers faced in exerting parental control. Mothers' control attempts had four main intentions, each with a different subject (i.e., the children, themselves, the family, and society). Most challenges with parental control stemmed from mothers' “consciousness of parental responsibility.” In confronting the child in their attempts to exert parental control, mothers perceived a “struggle with the child's negativism,” which led them to recognize that they could not find a correct method of discipline. Furthermore, in the face of conflicting roles, mothers experienced “confusion in seeking the righteous answer as a parent.” Some mothers began to feel that they were discovering their maternal role in their own way rather than finding a correct answer, which formed a “conviction that my own parenting is not incorrect.”ConclusionsThe challenges mothers faced in exerting parental control over their 3‐year‐old children served as a turning point for them to reflect on themselves as parents. However, due to societal monitoring of parents and mothers' multiple roles in the family, it can be difficult for mothers to fully overcome the challenges of parental control. It is necessary to foster social capital in the community to which the mother belongs and to create an atmosphere in which community members can watch over parents warmly.