Climate impacts on landlocked sea lamprey: Implications for host-parasite interactions and invasive species management
Climate impacts on landlocked sea lamprey: Implications for host-parasite interactions and invasive species management
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DOI：
10.1890/es14-00059.1
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Weidel, Brian C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cline, Timothy J.;Kitchell, James F.;Weidel, Brian C.
气候变化导致的温度变化可能会影响宿主-寄生虫之间的相互作用和入侵物种，这两者都可能影响到宝贵的生态系统服务。寄生虫的生命周期率、生长和对宿主的影响如何在环境温度变化下发生变化，引起了人们极大的兴趣。同样，改变了的热状况可能会减少自然抵抗力和阻止入侵物种建立的障碍，或改变已建立的外来物种的范围和影响。劳伦特五大湖是一些最受入侵的生态系统，并已深刻地塑造了外来物种。寄生海七鳃鳗（Petromyzon marinus）的入侵导致了许多五大湖鱼类种群的大幅下降。在上级湖，在控制入侵的七鳃鳗和恢复本地鱼类种群方面取得了重大进展。自1980年以来，上级湖的地表水温度迅速上升，给管理带来了新的挑战。在这里，我们测试如何在上级湖的热变化影响了寄生海七鳃鳗的喂养和生长。海七鳃鳗的大小随着热栖息地持续时间的延长而增加（即，更长的生长季节）。为了比较海鳗摄食和生长率的区域差异，我们使用了生物能量学模型，并根据1979-2006年全湖流体动力学模型后报进行了温度估计。整个湖泊变暖模式的空间差异导致了对海七鳃鳗摄食率和大小增加的区域性不同预测。这些预测相匹配的数据成年海七鳃鳗产卵流到这些不同的热区域。较大的海七鳃鳗将更加多产，并增加进食率，从而增加宿主鱼类的死亡率。资源管理应考虑这些气候驱动的区域影响时，分配资源的海七鳃鳗控制工作。根据新的和不断变化的热制度，成功的管理系统可能需要进行重组，以改变物候，增长，并在主机寄生虫系统的变化对宿主种群的影响更大。
Altered thermal regimes under climate change may influence host-parasite interactions and invasive species, both potentially impacting valuable ecosystem services. There is considerable interest in how parasite life cycle rates, growth, and impacts on hosts will change under altered environmental temperatures. Likewise, transformed thermal regimes may reduce natural resistance and barriers preventing establishment of invasive species or alter the range and impacts of established exotic species. The Laurentian Great Lakes are some of the most invaded ecosystems and have been profoundly shaped by exotic species. Invasion by the parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) contributed to major declines in many Great Lakes fish populations. In Lake Superior, substantial progress has been made towards controlling invasive sea lamprey and rehabilitating native fish populations. Surface water temperatures in Lake Superior have been increasing rapidly since 1980 presenting a new challenge for management. Here we test how thermal changes in Lake Superior have impacted the feeding and growth of the parasitic sea lamprey. Sea lamprey have increased in size corresponding with longer durations of thermal habitat (i.e., longer growing seasons) for their preferred hosts. To compare regional differences in sea lamprey feeding and growth rates, we used a bioenergetics model with temperature estimates from a lake-wide hydrodynamic model hindcast from 1979-2006. Spatial differences in patterns of warming across the lake result in regionally different predictions for increases in sea lamprey feeding rates and size. These predictions were matched by data from adult sea lamprey spawning in streams draining into these different thermal regions. Larger sea lampreys will be more fecund and have increased feeding rates, thus increasing mortality among host fishes. Resource management should consider these climate driven regional impacts when allocating resources to sea lamprey control efforts. Under new and evolving thermal regimes, successful management systems may need to be restructured for changing phenology, growth, and shifts in host-parasite systems towards greater impacts on host populations.