Chemical and enzymatic reductive activation of acylfulvene to isomeric cytotoxic reactive intermediates.

Chemical and enzymatic reductive activation of acylfulvene to isomeric cytotoxic reactive intermediates.
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酰富烯的化学和酶还原活化为异构细胞毒性反应中间体。

DOI:
10.1021/tx200401u
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Sturla,ShanaJ
Sturla,ShanaJ
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pietsch,KathrynE;Neels,JamesF;Yu,Xiang;Gong,Jiachang;Sturla,ShanaJ

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酰基富烯(Acylfulvenes,AF)是倍半萜类天然产物伊鲁菌素S的一类半合成类似物,对癌细胞具有细胞毒性。伊鲁菌素S和AF之间的微小结构变化在临床前基于细胞的测定和异种移植模型中转化为改善的治疗窗口。因此,AF是解决细胞毒性选择性的化学和生物化学基础的独特工具。AF通过生物靶点(包括DNA)的烷基化引发细胞毒性反应。虽然AF能够直接烷基化,但胞质还原性生物活化为亲电中间体与增强的细胞毒性相关。本研究中获得的数据说明了AF激活过程的化学方面。通过跟踪反应机制与稳定的同位素标记的试剂,AF的酶与化学活化途径进行了比较,涉及NADPH依赖性酶前列腺素还原酶1(PTGR 1)或硼氢化钠的反应,分别。这两个过程产生的异构体产物似乎产生了类似的DNA修饰模式。化学活化异构体已在本研究中新分离和化学表征,包括在不同pH值和生物测定条件下评估其相对立体化学和稳定性。在哺乳动物癌细胞中,这种化学活化的类似物被证明不依赖于进一步的细胞活化,以显着提高细胞毒性的效力,在AF的要求相反。在这项研究的基础上,我们预计,化学活化形式的AF将作为一个有用的化学探针,用于评估生物分子相互作用独立的酶介导的激活。
Acylfulvenes (AFs), a class of semisynthetic analogues of the sesquiterpene natural product illudin S, are cytotoxic toward cancer cells. The minor structural changes between illudin S and AFs translate to an improved therapeutic window in preclinical cell-based assays and xenograft models. AFs are, therefore, unique tools for addressing the chemical and biochemical basis of cytotoxic selectivity. AFs elicit cytotoxic responses by alkylation of biological targets, including DNA. While AFs are capable of direct alkylation, cytosolic reductive bioactivation to an electrophilic intermediate is correlated with enhanced cytotoxicity. Data obtained in this study illustrate chemical aspects of the process of AF activation. By tracking reaction mechanisms with stable isotope-labeled reagents, enzymatic versus chemical activation pathways for AF were compared for reactions involving the NADPH-dependent enzyme prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) or sodium borohydride, respectively. These two processes resulted in isomeric products that appear to give rise to similar patterns of DNA modification. The chemically activated isomer has been newly isolated and chemically characterized in this study, including an assessment of its relative stereochemistry and stability at varying pH and under bioassay conditions. In mammalian cancer cells, this chemically activated analogue was shown to not rely on further cellular activation to significantly enhance cytotoxic potency, in contrast to the requirements of AF. On the basis of this study, we anticipate that the chemically activated form of AF will serve as a useful chemical probe for evaluating biomolecular interactions independent of enzyme-mediated activation.
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