Which Europe? The Politics of Differentiated Integration
Which Europe? The Politics of Differentiated Integration
复制标题
哪个欧洲？
DOI：
10.1080/01402382.2011.648473
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Magnus Feldmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Magnus Feldmann
由Kenneth Dyson和Angelos Sepos编辑的关于差异化一体化的新卷是对关于欧洲一体化、国际关系和欧洲政治的文献的重要补充。它为欧洲一体化的一个关键特征提供了一个新的视角，即它的差异化性质。尽管分化越来越普遍，但这本书无疑是对分化的原因和后果进行评估的最全面和最雄心勃勃的尝试。这本书由三部分组成。第一部分包括编者介绍的章节，包括四个方面的区分，即法律维度、功能维度、时间维度和空间维度。第二部分包括若干章节，内容涉及法德、阿尔卑斯山、大西洋、波罗的海、中欧和地中海欧洲等地区。最后，本书的最后部分介绍了存在差异化一体化的职能领域，例如国防、高等教育、社会政策、环境政策、宏观经济政策等。这本书对现存的文学有三个重要的贡献。首先，它构成了迄今为止对差异化整合最全面的概述。它表明，差异化已成为许多政策领域的核心要素，也是欧盟许多次区域的一个决定性特征。其次，该书的各章阐明了随时间和跨问题领域的差异的复杂和或有决定因素，并探讨了差异可能是暂时或半永久性的情况。第三，这本书对差异化的更广泛意义进行了一些思考，尤其是与欧盟扩大和深化的长期辩论有关。尽管这本书经过了精心编辑，但也不可避免地出现了一些小问题。例如，创造了新旧欧洲概念的前美国国防部长是唐纳德(而不是罗纳德)拉姆斯菲尔德(第8页)，南方共同市场的两个主要国家是巴西和阿根廷(不是委内瑞拉-见第11页)。虽然这本书非常全面，但如果包括更多的比较材料和对欧洲经济区的更详细的分析，那将是很有趣的，因为欧洲经济区跨越了一体化的许多功能、地理和时间维度。这些观察不应偏离这样一个事实，即这本书是对文学的主要贡献，它很可能定义未来关于差异化整合的工作的议程。虽然这本书阐述了许多理论观点，如公共产品理论，但编辑们故意避免发展任何总体上的差异化理论。取而代之的是，不同的贡献者被给予很大的自由来开发他们认为对西欧政治最有用的方法，2012年3月，第35卷，第2期，425-440
The new volume on differentiated integration edited by Kenneth Dyson and Angelos Sepos is an important addition to the literatures on European integration, international relations and European politics. It provides a fresh perspective on one of the key features of European integration, namely its differentiated nature. Although differentiation is increasingly common, this volume is unquestionably the most comprehensive and ambitious attempt to take stock of the causes and consequences of differentiation. The book consists of three parts. The first part, which includes an introductory chapter by the editors, is composed of chapters on four aspects of differentiation, namely its legal, functional, temporal and spatial dimensions. The second part contains a number of chapters on territorial groupings, such as Franco-German, Alpine, Atlantic, Baltic, Central European and Mediterranean Europe. Finally, the last part of the book is devoted to the functional domains in which there is differentiated integration, e.g. defence, higher education, social policy, environmental policy, macroeconomic policy, etc. Taken together, the three parts of the book paint a nuanced portrait of the complex issues raised by differentiation. The book makes three important contributions to the existing literature. First, it constitutes the most comprehensive overview of differentiated integration to date. It shows how differentiation has become a central element of many policy areas and a defining feature of many subregions of the EU. Second, the chapters of the book shed light on the complex and contingent determinants of differentiation over time and across issue areas, and they also explore the circumstances under which differentiation is likely to be temporary or semi-permanent. Third, the book includes some reflections on the broader significance of differentiation, notably in relation to the perennial debates about widening and deepening of the European Union. Although the book is carefully edited, there are a few inevitable glitches. For example, the former US Defence Secretary who coined the notions of Old and New Europe is Donald (not Ronald) Rumsfeld (p. 8), and the two dominant countries in Mercosur are Brazil and Argentina (not Venezuela – see p. 11). While the book is very comprehensive, it would have been interesting to include more comparative material and also a more detailed analysis of the European Economic Area, which cuts across many functional, geographical and temporal dimensions of integration. These observations should not deflect from the fact that this book is a major contribution to the literature, and it is likely to define the agenda for future work on differentiated integration. While the book addresses a number of theoretical perspectives, such as public goods theory, the editors deliberately avoid developing any overarching theory of differentiation. Instead the various contributors are given substantial freedom to develop the approach which they view as most useful for the West European Politics, Vol. 35, No. 2, 425–440, March 2012