Gender awareness among physicians--the effect of specialty and gender. A study of teachers at a Swedish medical school.
Gender awareness among physicians--the effect of specialty and gender. A study of teachers at a Swedish medical school.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6920-3-8
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发表时间：
2003-10-27
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Johansson EE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Risberg G;Hamberg K;Johansson EE
今天医学教育的一个重要目标是专业发展，包括两性平等和对性别问题的认识。医学教师是否做好了应对这一挑战的准备？我们调查了医生教师的性别意识，表达为他们的态度，性别在专业关系中的作用，以及它如何与医生的性别和专业的变化。我们讨论了这可能与性别气候和性别隔离在不同的专业。向在瑞典一所大学从事医学生教育的临床部门和家庭医学的所有468名专家发送了调查问卷。他们被要求率，在视觉模拟量表，医生和病人的性别在咨询的重要性，教师和学生的性别在临床辅导和医生的性别在其他专业的遭遇。家庭医生之间的差异，外科和非外科医院医生，以及女性和男性之间的卡方检验和多变量logistic回归分析估计。应答率为65%。在所有调查地区，专业群体之间存在差异，主要是由于男子之间的差异。男性家庭医生评估性别重要性的几率是男性外科医生的三倍，男性非外科医生的几率是男性外科医生的两倍。女教师认为性别比男教师更重要。在女性中，专业组之间没有显着差异。医师教师的性别与专业在是否认同性别在专业关系中的重要性上有交互作用。男性医生，尤其是外科医生，对性别的重要性评估明显低于女性医生。医师的性别意识程度可能是影响工作气氛和男女在不同专业的分布的诸多因素之一。因此，为了改善工作环境和减少隔离，我们建议努力提高医生的性别意识，例如鼓励持续反思性别态度的教育计划。
An important goal for medical education today is professional development including gender equality and awareness of gender issues. Are medical teachers prepared for this task? We investigated gender awareness among physician teachers, expressed as their attitudes towards the role of gender in professional relationships, and how it varied with physician gender and specialty. We discuss how this might be related to the gender climate and sex segregation in different specialties. Questionnaires were sent to all 468 specialists in the clinical departments and in family medicine, who were engaged in educating medical students at a Swedish university. They were asked to rate, on visual analogue scales, the importance of physician and patient gender in consultation, of preceptor and student gender in clinical tutoring and of physician gender in other professional encounters. Differences between family physicians, surgical, and non-surgical hospital doctors, and between women and men were estimated by chi-2 tests and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The response rate was 65 %. There were differences between specialty groups in all investigated areas mainly due to disparities among men. The odds for a male family physician to assess gender important were three times higher, and for a male non-surgical doctor two times higher when compared to a male surgical doctor. Female teachers assessed gender important to a higher degree than men. Among women there were no significant differences between specialty groups. There was an interaction between physician teachers' gender and specialty as to whether they identified gender as important in professional relationships. Male physicians, especially from the surgical group, assessed gender important to a significantly lower degree than female physicians. Physicians' degree of gender awareness may, as one of many factors, affect working climate and the distribution of women and men in different specialties. Therefore, to improve working climate and reduce segregation we suggest efforts to increase gender awareness among physicians, for example educational programs where continuous reflections about gender attitudes are encouraged.