Composition of Wheat Rhizosphere Antagonistic Bacteria and Wheat Sharp Eyespot as Affected by Rice Straw Mulching
Composition of Wheat Rhizosphere Antagonistic Bacteria and Wheat Sharp Eyespot as Affected by Rice Straw Mulching
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DOI：
10.1016/s1002-0160(10)60040-9
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Wang Jin-Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen Huai-Gu;Gao Qi-Guang;Wang Jin-Sheng
为研究稻草覆盖对小麦纹枯病发病及拮抗细菌数量变化的影响，通过多年田间试验，比较了未覆盖和覆盖2 ~ 3年的稻草覆盖对小麦纹枯病发病的影响。细菌和真菌种群进行了评估，从小麦根际和散装土壤制备的文化。稻草覆盖增加了小麦根际和非根际土壤中假单胞菌的数量。覆盖土壤中荧光假单胞菌的比例高于未覆盖土壤。采用抑菌圈法对禾谷丝核菌的拮抗细菌进行了鉴定。通过16 S rRNA基因的部分测序对一系列这些分离株进行分型。假单胞菌对R. 80%以上的根际荧光假单胞菌对小麦赤霉病菌有拮抗作用。麦片覆盖区的病情指数低于未覆盖对照区。这些结果表明，稻草覆盖在稻麦轮作增加荧光假单胞菌的数量。此外，这些荧光假单胞菌可能有助于防治小麦纹枯病。
To assess the effect of rice straw mulching on changes of antagonistic bacteria and the incidence of wheat sharp eyespot, a multi-year field study was performed to compare unmulched plots and the plots mulched with rice straw for two or three years. Bacterial and fungal populations were evaluated in the cultures prepared from the wheat rhizosphere and bulk soils. Rice straw mulching increased the number of pseudomonas colony forming units in wheat rhizosphere and bulk soils. The proportion of total bacteria that were fluorescent pseudomonads was higher in mulched than in unmulched soil. Bacterial isolates antagonistic to Rhizoctonia cerealis were identified using an inhibition zone test. A series of these isolates were typed by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Pseudomonads had higher antagonistic activity against R. cerealis than other species, and more than 80% of rhizosphere fluorescent pseudomonads were antagonistic to R. cerealis. The disease indices were lower in the mulched plots than in the unmulched control. These results suggest that rice straw mulching in a rice-wheat rotation increases the number of fluorescent pseudomonads. Additionally, these fluorescent pseudomonads may contribute to the control of wheat sharp eyespot.