Development and aging of a brain neural stem cell niche.
Development and aging of a brain neural stem cell niche.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exger.2016.11.007
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Todd KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conover JC;Todd KL
在前脑前部，沿着侧脑室的外侧壁，在称为脑室-脑室下区（V-SVZ）的区域中发现神经源性干细胞龛。在啮齿类动物中，强大的V-SVZ神经发生在整个成年期为嗅球提供新的神经元;然而，随着年龄的增长，干细胞数量减少，神经发生能力显着减弱，但即使在老年，新的嗅球神经元也会继续产生。相比之下，人类在两岁后几乎没有新的神经发生，V-SVZ神经干细胞是否在成年人脑中持续存在仍不清楚。在这里，我们回顾了小鼠和人类V-SVZ干细胞生态位的功能和组织差异，并研究了衰老如何影响V-SVZ生态位及其相关功能。
In the anterior forebrain, along the lateral wall of the lateral ventricles, a neurogenic stem cell niche is found in a region referred to as the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ). In rodents, robust V-SVZ neurogenesis provides new neurons to the olfactory bulb throughout adulthood; however, with increasing age stem cell numbers are reduced and neurogenic capacity is significantly diminished, but new olfactory bulb neurons continue to be produced even in old age. Humans, in contrast, show little to no new neurogenesis after two years of age and whether V-SVZ neural stem cells persist in the adult human brain remains unclear. Here, we review functional and organizational differences in the V-SVZ stem cell niche of mice and humans, and examine how aging affects the V-SVZ niche and its associated functions.