Genomic changes underlying repeated niche shifts in an adaptive radiation.

Genomic changes underlying repeated niche shifts in an adaptive radiation.
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DOI:
10.1111/evo.14490
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发表时间:
2022-06
期刊:
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
影响因子:
--
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其他
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在适应性辐射中,单一谱系通过适应许多新的生态位而迅速多样化。关于所涉及的基因组机制,即促进或限制适应性辐射的遗传变异或基因组结构的来源,目前还知之甚少。在这里,我们调查基因组的变化与重复入侵的许多不同的淡水生态位的三刺鱼在加拿大海达群岛,通过重新测序单基因组从一个海洋和28个淡水种群。我们发现了89个可能的目标,平行选择的基因组,是丰富的老站的遗传变异。与理论预期相反,它们的基因组结构高度分散,几乎没有聚类。候选基因和基因型-环境相关性匹配三个主要的环境轴捕食制度,光环境和生态系统大小。在这三个维度的生态位空间中,我们发现,一个新的生态位从祖先的海洋栖息地越不同,更多的位点显示出平行选择的签名。我们的研究结果表明,在适应性辐射的平行适应的基因组结构取决于生态梯度的陡度和生态位空间的维数。
In adaptive radiations, single lineages rapidly diversify by adapting to many new niches. Little is known yet about the genomic mechanisms involved, that is, the source of genetic variation or genomic architecture facilitating or constraining adaptive radiation. Here, we investigate genomic changes associated with repeated invasion of many different freshwater niches by threespine stickleback in the Haida Gwaii archipelago, Canada, by resequencing single genomes from one marine and 28 freshwater populations. We find 89 likely targets of parallel selection in the genome that are enriched for old standing genetic variation. In contrast to theoretical expectations, their genomic architecture is highly dispersed with little clustering. Candidate genes and genotype‐environment correlations match the three major environmental axes predation regime, light environment, and ecosystem size. In a niche space with these three dimensions, we find that the more divergent a new niche from the ancestral marine habitat, the more loci show signatures of parallel selection. Our findings suggest that the genomic architecture of parallel adaptation in adaptive radiation depends on the steepness of ecological gradients and the dimensionality of the niche space.
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