SENSITIVITY OF TRANSPORT MODEL TO HYDRAULIC MODEL FOR FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURES
SENSITIVITY OF TRANSPORT MODEL TO HYDRAULIC MODEL FOR FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURES
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DOI：
10.3850/38wc092019-1786
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发表时间：
2019-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Arrighi;M. Pregnolato;R. Dawson;F. Castelli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Arrighi;M. Pregnolato;R. Dawson;F. Castelli
城市洪水对道路基础设施造成巨大影响，这在紧急情况下尤其重要，因为社区的复原力依赖于与避难所和关键设施（如医院、消防站）的快速连接。此外，在河流洪水期间，洪水在城市环境中主要沿着道路网络传播，大多数伤亡发生在那里。这项工作的目的是了解运输模型和人类脆弱性估计的洪水图，这可以用来提高备灾的分辨率的敏感性。三种不同的水力方法进行了比较：一个准二维模型采用官方洪水灾害地图，一个完整的二维模型（TELEMAC-2D）与30米的分辨率（例如，像常见的全球DTM）和一个完整的二维模型与网格分辨率能够捕捉单个建筑物和道路（激光雷达衍生的1米分辨率）。通过将网络模型与洪水灾害耦合，利用交通网络中断模型，分析了洪水造成的起点和终点之间的时间和距离变化。行人的脆弱性基于无因次稳定阈值、主体特征和淹没参数。该方法适用于一个区的佛罗伦萨（意大利）放置在两个流的交叉点，并在该地区的一个重要的路口。在道路可达性，服务区和公民的脆弱性方面的结果进行了比较和讨论的三种不同的液压方法，为决策者和民防救援人员提供支持。
Urban inundations cause large impacts to road infrastructures which are especially important during emergencies because the resilience of a community relies upon fast connection to shelters and critical facilities (e.g. hospitals, fire stations). Moreover, during riverine floods the inundation propagates in the urban environment mostly following the road network where most injuries and fatalities take place. This works aims at understanding the sensitivity of transport model and human vulnerability estimates to the resolution of the flood maps, which can be used to increase preparedness. Three different hydraulic approaches are compared: a quasi-2D model adopted for official flood hazard maps, a full 2D model (TELEMAC-2D) with a 30 m resolution (e.g. like common global DTMs) and a full 2D model with a mesh resolution able to capture single buildings and roads (LiDAR-derived 1 m resolution). Changes in time and distance between origin and destinations as a result of flooding are analyzed by coupling a network model with flood hazard, using a transport network disruption model. The vulnerability of pedestrians is based on a dimensionless stability threshold, based on subject characteristics and inundation parameters. The methodology is applied to a district of Florence (Italy) placed at the crossing of two streams and in a crucial road junction for the area. The results in terms of road accessibility, service areas and citizens vulnerability are compared and discussed for the three different hydraulic approaches to provide support for decision makers and civil protection rescuers.