Coping capacities and rural livelihoods: Challenges to community risk management in Southern Sri Lanka
Coping capacities and rural livelihoods: Challenges to community risk management in Southern Sri Lanka
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.03.012
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Naomi W. Lazarus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naomi W. Lazarus
人们普遍承认，环境扰动的影响部分是由于面临风险的人口的社会经济状况造成的。这一点在印度洋海啸发生后不久就很明显，当时斯里兰卡南部和东部沿海沿着渔民社区的社会经济状况很差，给人们科普和从海啸中恢复带来了更大的挑战。这项研究的目的是制定一个应对能力指数，考虑到社会，经济和人口特征的人口在斯里兰卡的三个地区。应对能力指数是从一个回归模型中得出的，其中在贫穷、因变量和与收入、资产、教育、性别和种族有关的预测变量组合之间建立了因果关系。这些变量是农村人口贫穷和脆弱性的根源，影响到他们应对环境变化和从环境变化中恢复的方式。研究结果显示，在社会、经济和人口因素如何影响应对能力方面，整个研究领域存在广泛的异质性。在某些领域，类似的变量有助于提高应对能力，而在另一些领域，这些变量则会削弱应对能力。空间变化的变量，有助于应对能力的组合，观察到跨地区和地区秘书的司，细分的一个区。根据2001/2002年和2006/2007年这两个分析时期执行的政策和方案，还观察到变量对应对能力的贡献方式存在时间差异。这些时间和空间上的变化突出了背景的重要性，以及在评估特定地点人民的脆弱性时发展政策和重建方案的影响。
It is widely acknowledged that the impacts of environmental perturbations are partly due to the socio-economic condition of populations at risk. This was evident in the immediate aftermath of the Indian Ocean Tsunami where the poor socio-economic status of fisher communities along the southern and eastern coasts of Sri Lanka presented greater challenges for people to cope with and recover from the event. The purpose of this study is to develop a coping capacity index that takes into account social, economic, and demographic characteristics of populations in three districts in Sri Lanka. The coping capacity index is derived from a regression model, where a causal link is established between poverty, the dependent variable, and a combination of predictor variables associated with income, assets, education, gender, and ethnicity. These variables characterize the root causes of poverty and vulnerability among rural populations that influence the way in which they deal with and recover from changes in the environment. The findings of the research reveal a wide range of heterogeneity across the study area in how social, economic, and demographic factors influence coping capacities. In some areas, similar variables contribute toward improving coping capacities, and in others they undermine them. Spatial variations in the combination of variables that contribute to coping capacity were observed across districts and District Secretary’s divisions, the subdivision of a district. Temporal differences were also observed in the way in which variables contribute to coping capacity in light of policies and programs implemented between the two time periods analyzed, 2001/2002 and 2006/2007. These temporal and spatial variations highlight the importance of context, and the impact of development policies and reconstruction programs when assessing the vulnerability of people in a given location.