Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality
Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2006.053611
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Segala, Claire
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laurent, Olivier;Bard, Denis;Segala, Claire
综述了目前关于社会经济地位与空气污染对死亡率的短期和长期影响之间潜在相互作用的知识。通过2006年4月对Medline数据库的系统搜索，提取了有关暴露措施、社会经济指标、受试者特征和主要结果的详细信息。15篇文章（时间序列、病例交叉、队列）研究了短期效应。所研究的社会经济指标的多样性使正式比较变得困难。一个惊人的事实出现了：使用较粗的地理分辨率（全市或全县）测量的社会经济特征的研究没有发现影响变化，但那些使用更精细的地理分辨率的研究发现了不同的结果，使用个人测量的社会经济特征的六项研究中有五项发现污染对弱势群体的影响更大。这一发现得到了六项长期影响研究（队列）的认同；它们在方法论上有很大的不同，我们对此进行了广泛的讨论。目前的证据还不能证明社会经济特征会改变空气污染对死亡率的影响这一明确结论是正确的。然而，现有的结果，大多数倾向于显示更贫困的影响，强调继续调查这个话题的重要性。
Current knowledge about potential interactions between socioeconomic status and the short- and long-term effects of air pollution on mortality was reviewed. A systematic search of the Medline database through April 2006 extracted detailed information about exposure measures, socioeconomic indicators, subjects' characteristics and principal results. Fifteen articles ( time series, case-crossover, cohort) examined short-term effects. The variety of socioeconomic indicators studied made formal comparisons difficult. One striking fact emerged: studies using socioeconomic characteristics measured at coarser geographic resolutions ( city- or county-wide) found no effect modification, but those using finer geographic resolutions found mixed results, and five of six studies using individually-measured socioeconomic characteristics found that pollution affected disadvantaged subjects more. This finding was echoed by the six studies of long-term effects (cohorts) identified; these had substantial methodological differences, which we discuss extensively. Current evidence does not yet justify a definitive conclusion that socioeconomic characteristics modify the effects of air pollution on mortality. Nevertheless, existing results, most tending to show greater effects among the more deprived, emphasise the importance of continuing to investigate this topic.