Histological markers in nasal mucosa of patients with Alzheimer's disease
Histological markers in nasal mucosa of patients with Alzheimer's disease
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DOI：
10.1159/000007953
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Unger, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hock, C;Golombowski, S;Unger, J
神经病理学变化，如营养不良的神经突和异常tau蛋白的存在下，在嗅觉系统，包括初级感觉细胞和神经纤维先前已被证明在鼻粘膜组织阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）患者。这些变化在组织病理学证实的AD病例的尸检材料以及临床重症AD患者的活检组织中检测到。为了研究AD早期诊断的潜在有用性，我们从5名临床轻度至中度AD患者的嗅粘膜中获得活检组织，并使用一组特异性抗体通过免疫细胞化学对tau蛋白或β-淀粉样蛋白的存在进行染色。在所有病例中均未发现阳性染色。为了进行比较，研究了具有严重神经病理学变化（脑中广泛的神经纤维缠结和淀粉样蛋白）的AD患者的死后嗅觉组织，在这些严重病例中，在固有层中的细神经纤维和少数嗅觉上皮细胞中发现tau免疫反应性。这些结果与其他报告一致，表明嗅上皮中的细胞骨架变化和tau病理不是AD的主要（或特异性）特征，并且可能主要发生在疾病的晚期。
Neuropathological changes such as dystrophic neurites and the presence of abnormal tau protein in the olfactory system, including primary sensory cells and nerve fibres have previously been demonstrated in nasal mucosa tissue of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). These changes were detected in autopsy-derived material from histopathologically confirmed AD cases as well as in biopsy tissue from clinical severely ill AD patients. To investigate the potential usefulness for the early diagnosis of AD, we obtained biopsy tissue from olfactory mucosa from 5 clinically mild to moderate AD patients and stained for the presence of tau or beta-amyloid by immunocytochemistry using a panel of specific antibodies. No positive staining was found in any of the cases. For comparison, post-mortem olfactory tissue from AD patients with severe neuropathological changes (widespread neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid in the brain) was investigated, in these severe cases, tau immunoreactivity was found in fine nerve fibres in the lamina propria and in a few olfactory epithelial cells. These results are consistent with other reports showing that cytoskeletal changes and tau pathology in the olfactory epithelium are not primary (or specific) features of AD and may occur predominantly in late stages of the disease.