Dreams, reality and memory: confabulations in lucid dreamers implicate reality-monitoring dysfunction in dream consciousness
Dreams, reality and memory: confabulations in lucid dreamers implicate reality-monitoring dysfunction in dream consciousness
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DOI：
10.1080/13546805.2014.932685
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Morgan, P. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corlett, P. R.;Canavan, S. V.;Morgan, P. T.
介绍。梦可能代表了与精神病经历相关的意识状态改变的窗口，在精神病经历中，现实监控受到损害。我们使用一项旨在评估虚构记忆错误的任务，对具有不同程度的梦意识的健康、非精神病个体进行了现实监控——这是一种关于现实的混乱，即过去的信息让人感觉错误地熟悉，并且不能适当地限制当前的感知。腹内侧前额皮质 (vmPFC) 受损后，虚构错误很常见。腹内侧功能以前被认为与做梦和梦意识有关。方法。在医院研究环境中，身体和心理健康、自我报告梦意识高（n = 18）和低（n = 13）的个体完成了一项计算机化认知任务，该任务涉及基于一系列任务运行的熟悉程度的现实监控。结果。信号检测理论分析显示，梦意识较高的人有更自由的接受偏差，这与梦、想象和现实的感知重叠的概念一致。结论。我们讨论了这些结果对现实监测和精神病模型的影响，特别关注 vmPFC 在默认模式大脑功能、基于模型的强化学习以及梦和清醒意识的现象学中的作用。
Introduction. Dreams might represent a window on altered states of consciousness with relevance to psychotic experiences, where reality monitoring is impaired. We examined reality monitoring in healthy, non-psychotic individuals with varying degrees of dream awareness using a task designed to assess confabulatory memory errors - a confusion regarding reality whereby information from the past feels falsely familiar and does not constrain current perception appropriately. Confabulatory errors are common following damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Ventromedial function has previously been implicated in dreaming and dream awareness.Methods. In a hospital research setting, physically and mentally healthy individuals with high (n = 18) and low (n = 13) self-reported dream awareness completed a computerised cognitive task that involved reality monitoring based on familiarity across a series of task runs.Results. Signal detection theory analysis revealed a more liberal acceptance bias in those with high dream awareness, consistent with the notion of overlap in the perception of dreams, imagination and reality.Conclusions. We discuss the implications of these results for models of reality monitoring and psychosis with a particular focus on the role of vmPFC in default-mode brain function, model-based reinforcement learning and the phenomenology of dreaming and waking consciousness.