A simulation model for the design and analysis of wood pellet supply chains
A simulation model for the design and analysis of wood pellet supply chains
复制标题
用于设计和分析木屑颗粒供应链的仿真模型
DOI：
10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.026
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
S. Sokhansanj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mahdi Mobini;T. Sowlati;S. Sokhansanj
在过去的十年中，木质颗粒的全球贸易一直在增长。木屑颗粒的生产和消费的快速增长，以及对其在不久的将来需求增加的预测，形成了一个竞争激烈的全球市场。一些研究集中在木屑颗粒生产和消费的经济、环境和技术方面。本文开发了一个仿真模型，以加强和促进有关木屑颗粒供应链设计和分析的研究。该模型的范围涵盖了从原材料来源到最终客户的整个供应链，为评估供应链提供了一个框架。该模型包括不确定性、供应链各阶段之间的相互依赖性和资源约束，这些在以往的研究中通常被简化或忽略。该模型的输出包括每个过程中消耗的能量及其相关的二氧化碳排放量，以及向客户交付木屑颗粒的成本组成部分。该模型应用于位于加拿大BC的现有供应链。木屑颗粒的估计成本在颗粒厂门口为69.27美元，在客户现场为101.33美元。向客户分发木屑颗粒占总成本的30.65%左右。原料采购和运输占总交付成本的29.16%，而颗粒生产占总交付成本的40.19%。供应链上的能源消耗和二氧化碳排放估计分别为568.93 kW / h和136.91 kg / t - 1。基于场景的分析结果表明，将木屑干燥燃料改为树皮干燥燃料，可实现约1.5%的成本降低。在白木原料中掺入10%的树皮将估计成本降低到96.51美元t−1（降低4.75%）。
During the past decade, the global trade of wood pellets has been growing. Rapid increases in the production and consumption of wood pellets, and predictions on its increased demand in the near future have formed a competitive global market. Several studies have focused on the economic, environmental, and technological aspects of wood pellet production and consumption. In this paper, a simulation model is developed to enhance and facilitate the studies concerning the design and analysis of wood pellet supply chains. The scope of the model covers the entire supply chain from sources of raw materials to the end customers, providing a framework for assessment of the supply chains. The model includes uncertainties, interdependencies between stages of the supply chain, and resource constraints, which are usually simplified or ignored in previous studies. The outputs of the model include the amount of energy consumed in each process and its related CO2emissions, and the cost components of delivered wood pellets to the customers. The model was applied to an existing supply chain located in BC, Canada. The estimated cost of wood pellets was 69.27 $ t−1at the pellet mill’s gate and 101.33 $ t−1at customers’ locations. Distribution of wood pellets to the customers contributed about 30.65% to total costs. Raw material procurement and transportation accounted for 29.16% of the total delivered cost, while pellet production contributes 40.19% to the total delivered cost. The energy consumption and CO2emission along the supply chain were estimated at 568.93 kW h t−1and 136.91 kg t−1, respectively. The results of scenario-based analysis showed that by changing the drying fuel from sawdust to bark, about 1.5% cost reduction was achievable. Blending 10% bark in the whitewood feedstock reduced the estimated cost to 96.51 $ t−1(4.75% reduction).