Roles of Multiple Globus Pallidus Territories of Monkeys and Humans in Motivation, Cognition and Action: An Anatomical, Physiological and Pathophysiological Review.
Roles of Multiple Globus Pallidus Territories of Monkeys and Humans in Motivation, Cognition and Action: An Anatomical, Physiological and Pathophysiological Review.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnana.2017.00030
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tremblay L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saga Y;Hoshi E;Tremblay L
苍白球（GP）与支持各种功能的广泛皮层区域进行通信，包括动机，认知和行动。解剖学追踪研究显示，前腹侧GP与内侧前额叶和眶额皮质沟通，参与动机控制;前背侧GP与外侧前额叶皮质沟通，参与认知控制;后GP与额叶运动皮质沟通，参与动作控制。该组织认为，全球政策框架内的不同分支机构发挥着特定的作用。在猴子的行为过程中，对GP神经元的神经生理学研究表明，这些细分中执行的信息编码类型差异很大。前腹侧GP的特征在于与动机相关的活动，如寻求奖励和厌恶性回避;前背侧GP的特征在于反映认知的活动，如目标决策和动作选择;后GP的特征在于与动作准备和执行相关的活动。病理生理学研究表明，GABA相关物质或GP病变导致GP活性异常，从而导致部位特异性行为和运动症状。本综述文章讨论了非人灵长类动物和人类的三个主要GP领土的解剖组织，生理和病理生理。
The globus pallidus (GP) communicates with widespread cortical areas that support various functions, including motivation, cognition and action. Anatomical tract-tracing studies revealed that the anteroventral GP communicates with the medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices, which are involved in motivational control; the anterodorsal GP communicates with the lateral prefrontal cortex, which is involved in cognitive control; and the posterior GP communicates with the frontal motor cortex, which is involved in action control. This organization suggests that distinct subdivisions within the GP play specific roles. Neurophysiological studies examining GP neurons in monkeys during behavior revealed that the types of information coding performed within these subdivisions differ greatly. The anteroventral GP is characterized by activities related to motivation, such as reward seeking and aversive avoidance; the anterodorsal GP is characterized by activity that reflects cognition, such as goal decision and action selection; and the posterior GP is characterized by activity associated with action preparation and execution. Pathophysiological studies have shown that GABA-related substances or GP lesions result in abnormal activity in the GP, which causes site-specific behavioral and motor symptoms. The present review article discusses the anatomical organization, physiology and pathophysiology of the three major GP territories in nonhuman primates and humans.