An adaptive reflexive processing model of neurocognitive function:: supporting evidence from a large scale (n=100) MRI study of an auditory oddball task
An adaptive reflexive processing model of neurocognitive function:: supporting evidence from a large scale (n=100) MRI study of an auditory oddball task
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.035
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发表时间：
2005-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Liddle, PF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kiehl, KA;Stevens, MC;Liddle, PF
最近的血流动力学成像研究表明，处理低概率与任务相关的目标刺激（即奇怪的东西）和低概率与任务无关的新刺激在不同的、空间分布的皮层和皮层下系统中引起广泛的活动。这种分布式反应的本质支持了一种模型，即处理突出的和新的刺激涉及许多大脑区域，而不管这些区域是否对任务执行是必要的。然而，这些后期的神经影像学研究大多采用小样本量和固定效应分析，限制了结果的表征和推断。本研究通过收集大样本量（n = 100）并采用随机效应统计模型来解决这些问题。研究还分析了受试者间血流动力学反应的可靠性，以及性别和年龄对目标检测和新颖性加工的影响。小组数据显示，在所有34个特定的目标检测感兴趣区域和所有24个特定的处理新刺激感兴趣区域都有高度显著的激活。年龄和性别对结果都没有系统性的影响。这些数据是在一个模型的背景下讨论的，该模型提出，哺乳动物的大脑已经进化到在处理显著刺激时采用一种参与分布式神经元系统的策略，尽管成功执行任务所需的许多这些大脑区域的可能性很低。这个过程可以被称为“适应性反射处理”。这些结果对解释功能性MRI研究的意义进行了讨论。(c) 2004 Elsevier Inc.版权所有。
Recent hemodynamic imaging studies have shown that processing of low probability task-relevant target stimuli (i.e., oddballs) and low probability task-irrelevant novel stimuli elicit widespread activity in diverse, spatially distributed cortical and subcortical systems. The nature of this distributed response supports the model that processing of salient and novel stimuli engages many brain regions regardless of whether said regions were necessary for task performance. However, these latter neuroimaging studies largely employed small sample sizes and fixed-effect analyses, limiting the characterization and inference of the results. The present study addressed these issues by collecting a large sample size (n = 100) and employed random effects statistical models. Analyses were also conducted to determine the inter-subject reliability of the hemodynamic response and the effects of gender and age on target detection and novelty processing. Group data demonstrated highly significant activation in all 34 specified regions of interest for target detection and all 24 specified regions of interest for processing of novel stimuli. Neither age nor gender systematically influenced the results. These data are discussed within the context of a model that proposes that the mammalian brain has evolved to adopt a strategy of engaging distributed neuronal systems when processing salient stimuli despite the low probability that many of these brain regions are required for successful task performance. This process may be termed 'adaptive reflexive processing.' The implications of these results for interpreting functional MRI studies are discussed. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.