Early life genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors shaping emotionality in rodents
Early life genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors shaping emotionality in rodents
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.04.012
复制
发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Belzung, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holmes, A;le Guisquet, AM;Belzung, C
众所周知，童年创伤会增加情绪障碍和成瘾的风险。然而，目前对这些影响的神经发育基础，或者遗传和表观遗传因素如何与环境相互作用以塑造从属于情绪性的系统的了解很少。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在实验室中使用早期生活情感体验的啮齿动物模型来研究这些问题，并提出了一些相关的发现。在大鼠中，产后母体分离可导致情绪行为和应激源反应性的持续增加，以及与情绪有关的各种脑神经递质系统的变化，包括促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子、5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素和谷氨酸。利用近交系小鼠品系之间的遗传差异，通过杂交培养和品系间杂交等技术，进一步研究了母体行为如何影响情绪发育。结合我们最近的数据，这些研究的结果表明了母亲和社会环境在敏感发育时期的普遍影响，并揭示了遗传因素如何决定这些早期生活经验如何塑造一生中的大脑和行为。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Childhood trauma is known to increase risk for emotional disorder, and addiction. However, little is currently understood about the neurodevelopmental basis of these effects, or how genetic and epigenetic factors interact with the environment to shape the systems subserving emotionality. In this review, we discuss the use of rodent models of early life emotional experience to study these issues in the laboratory and present some of our pertinent findings. In rats, postnatal maternal separation can produce lasting increases in emotional behavior and stressor-reactivity, together with alterations in various brain neurotransmitter systems implicated in emotionality, including corticotropin-releasing factor, serotonin, norepinephrine, and glutamate. Genetic differences between inbred mouse strains have been exploited to further study how maternal behavior affects emotional development using techniques such as cross-fostering and generation of inter-strain hybrids. Together with our own recent data, the findings of these studies demonstrate the pervasive influence of maternal and social environments during sensitive developmental periods and reveal how genetic factors determine how these early life experiences can shape brain and behavior throughout life. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.