Racial disparities in disability: Recent evidence from self-reported and performance-based disability measures in a population-based study of older adults
Racial disparities in disability: Recent evidence from self-reported and performance-based disability measures in a population-based study of older adults
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/60.5.s263
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Evans, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Leon, CFM;Barnes, LL;Evans, DA
目标。尽管老年人的残疾水平一直在下降，但目前关于残疾的种族差异的信息很少。方法。我们的数据来自一项基于人口的纵向研究，研究对象为芝加哥南部 6,158 名 65 岁及以上的黑人和白人成年人。数据是在 1993 年至 2002 年间的三次面对面访谈中收集的。我们使用三项自我报告措施和基于表现的身体机能测量来确定残疾情况。使用纵向数据分析，我们检查了残疾方面的总体种族差异以及它们因年龄和性别而变化的程度。结果。经过平均 6 年的随访，在调整年龄和性别后，黑人报告的残疾水平明显高于白人。在后续石油所有四项措施中，残疾率显着增加。残疾方面的种族差异并不随基线年龄或随时间的推移而一致变化，但女性中的差异更大。自我报告和基于表现的残疾衡量标准的结果大致相似。对社会经济地位的调整大大减少了残疾方面的种族差异，尽管一些差异仍然很大，特别是在女性中。结论。残疾方面的种族差异尚未消除，女性的差异更大，而且其根源早在成年时期。
Objectives. Although disability levels have been declining in older adults, there is little current information on racial differences in disability.Methods. Our data came from a longitudinal, population-based study of 6,158 Black and White adults aged 65 and older from the south side of Chicago. Data were collected during three face-to-face interviews between 1993 and 2002. We ascertained disability using three self-report measures and a performance-based measure of physical function. Using longitudinal data analysis, we examined overall racial differences in disability and the degree to which they varied by age and gender.Results. After an average of 6 years of follow-up, Blacks reported significantly higher disability levels than Whites after adjustment for age and sex. There was a significant increase in disability during follow-up oil all four measures. Racial differences in disability did not vary consistently by age at baseline or over time but were greater among women. Findings were largely similar for self-reported and perfomance-based measures of disability. Adjustment for socioeconomic status substantially reduced racial differences in disability, although some of the differences remained significant, especially among women.Conclusions. Racial disparities in disability have not been eliminated, are greater among women, and have their origins earlier in adulthood.