Particle tracking velocimetry in three-dimensional flows
Particle tracking velocimetry in three-dimensional flows
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00223406
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发表时间：
1993-09
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
N. Malik;T. Dracos;Dimitrios A. Papantoniou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Malik;T. Dracos;Dimitrios A. Papantoniou
在第一部分中描述了从三摄像机系统中确定三维颗粒坐标的摄影测量。在第二部分中，我们描述了一个完全自动化的跟踪计划，用于确定一系列的速度矢量内的三维观察体积的流体流动。从这个序列长时间的粒子轨迹重建。跟踪计划进行了测试，使用运动学模拟惯性模型（KSIM）获得的轨迹。估计的产量相邻的数据集之间的链接的粒子位置和长期粒子轨迹的产量。给出了有效跟踪的极限与空间位移比op =Δo/u′Δ f的函数关系。噪声的影响，在一个图像和下一个之间的颗粒的外观和消失的形式，和抖动，这是在确定颗粒坐标的错误，检查。结果表明，噪声减少了每帧的链接数，但不增加错误的链接，这总是很小的数量。然而，随着噪声的增加，长轨迹的产量急剧下降。一个小的抖动水平，另一方面，并没有显着影响任何的results.The跟踪计划上使用的两组粒子坐标数据从真实的流：一个非湍流流动在一个小水箱和湍流明渠流。
The photogrammetric determination of three-dimensional particle coordinates from a 3-camera system is described in Part I. In Part II we describe a fully automated tracking scheme for the determination of a sequence of velocity vectors within a three-dimensional observation volume of a fluid flow. From this sequence long-time particle trajectories are reconstructed.The tracking scheme is tested on trajectories obtained using the Kinematic Simulation Inertial Model (KSIM). Estimates of the yield of links between adjacent data sets of particle positions and of the yield of long-time particle trajectories are obtained. The limits of efficient tracking as a function of the spacing-displacement ratiop=Δo/u′Δtare also obtained. The effect of noise, in the form of the apparent appearance and disappearance of particles between one image and the next, and of jitter, which is the error in the determination of particle coordinates, is examined. It is shown that noise reduces the number of links per frame, but does not increase the number of erroneous links which is always small. However, the yield of long trajectories drops sharply with increasing noise. A small level of jitter, on the other hand, does not significantly influence any of the results.The tracking scheme is used on two sets of particle coordinate data obtained from real flows: a non-turbulent flow in a small water tank and a turbulent open channel flow.