Rapid genetic divergence in response to 15 years of simulated climate change.
Rapid genetic divergence in response to 15 years of simulated climate change.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.12966
复制
发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Fridley JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ravenscroft CH;Whitlock R;Fridley JD
遗传多样性可能通过允许进化反应，在允许个体物种抵御气候变化方面发挥重要作用。我们对这种应对气候变化的可能性的了解仍然有限，在完整的生态系统中进行的实验测试很少。在这里，我们使用放大片段长度多态(AFLP)数据来评估遗传差异，并在巴克斯顿气候变化影响实验室(BCCIL)测试应用于天然草原的长期模拟气候变化所驱动的进化变化的特征。采用重复的空间区块设计，对草地地块进行了15年的实验性气候处理，包括变暖、干旱和降水处理。在两个共存的多年生植物研究物种(羊茅和车前草)中，我们发现气候变化处理和对照样地之间存在显著的遗传差异。离群值分析表明，在杉木中的个别AFLP基因座上，与实验气候处理相关的选择特征是一致的，但在马尾松中则不是。在假定为中性的AFLP基因座上的平均背景分化接近于零，全基因组遗传结构既不与物种丰度变化(人口统计学)相关，也与植物群落水平对长期气候处理的反应无关。我们的结果表明，在两个多年生植物物种的生殖成熟种群中，对一系列气候环境的反应存在遗传差异，这与杉木对气候选择的进化反应一致。这些遗传变化与对植物群落结构的影响并行发生，并可能有助于单个物种在BCCIL模拟气候变化的15年中持续存在。
Genetic diversity may play an important role in allowing individual species to resist climate change, by permitting evolutionary responses. Our understanding of the potential for such responses to climate change remains limited, and very few experimental tests have been carried out within intact ecosystems. Here, we use amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data to assess genetic divergence and test for signatures of evolutionary change driven by long‐term simulated climate change applied to natural grassland at Buxton Climate Change Impacts Laboratory (BCCIL). Experimental climate treatments were applied to grassland plots for 15 years using a replicated and spatially blocked design and included warming, drought and precipitation treatments. We detected significant genetic differentiation between climate change treatments and control plots in two coexisting perennial plant study species (Festuca ovina and Plantago lanceolata). Outlier analyses revealed a consistent signature of selection associated with experimental climate treatments at individual AFLP loci in P. lanceolata, but not in F. ovina. Average background differentiation at putatively neutral AFLP loci was close to zero, and genomewide genetic structure was associated neither with species abundance changes (demography) nor with plant community‐level responses to long‐term climate treatments. Our results demonstrate genetic divergence in response to a suite of climatic environments in reproductively mature populations of two perennial plant species and are consistent with an evolutionary response to climatic selection in P. lanceolata. These genetic changes have occurred in parallel with impacts on plant community structure and may have contributed to the persistence of individual species through 15 years of simulated climate change at BCCIL.