Cause or consequence? Understanding the role of cortisol in the increased inflammation observed in depression.
Cause or consequence? Understanding the role of cortisol in the increased inflammation observed in depression.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100356
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pariante CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amasi-Hartoonian N;Sforzini L;Cattaneo A;Pariante CM
糖皮质激素，如皮质醇，是一类类固醇激素，在协调身体对压力的反应方面发挥着重要作用。抑郁症患者经常会出现皮质醇水平升高和炎症增加的情况。目前公认的‘糖皮质激素抵抗’模型认为，这种炎症增加是由于对皮质醇假定的抗炎作用的敏感性降低所致。然而，相反的证据已经积累起来，支持一个更新的模型，该模型提出皮质醇具有免疫增强特性，因此可能直接导致抑郁症患者炎症的增加。尽管如此，导致抑郁症发展的神经内分泌机制仍然缺乏明确的解释，因此需要在未来改进的研究中进行进一步的研究。
Glucocorticoids such as cortisol are a class of steroid hormones that play an important role in co-ordinating the body's response to stress. Elevated cortisol levels and increased inflammation have frequently been reported in patients with depression. The currently accepted ‘glucocorticoid resistance’ model posits this increased inflammation as a consequence of reduced sensitivity to cortisol’s putative anti-inflammatory action. However, opposing evidence has accumulated that supports a more recent model, which instead proposes that cortisol possesses immune potentiating properties and may thus directly cause the increased inflammation seen in depression. Despite all of this, a clear explanation of the neuroendocrine mechanism that contributes to the development of depression is still lacking and thus requires further investigation in improved future studies.