Plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex concentrations in dogs with malignant tumours
Plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex concentrations in dogs with malignant tumours
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DOI：
10.1136/vr.156.26.839
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发表时间：
2005-06-25
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tokuriki, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maruyama, H;Watari, T;Tokuriki, M
有研究表明，恶性肿瘤犬的凝血功能过度激活可能导致凝血功能异常，如弥散性血管内凝血（DIC）（O 'Keefe and Couto 1988）。由于凝血的过度活化导致凝血酶的过度生成，因此在循环血液中测量的凝血酶浓度增加将指示凝血的活化。凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物（TAT）在凝血酶产生后迅速形成，已被确定为凝血激活的标志物（佩尔泽等，1988）。据报道，血浆达特浓度可用于评价犬的凝血激活（Ravanat等，1995），并可作为库欣综合征犬高凝状态的标志物（Alfrey by等，2001）。然而，患有恶性肿瘤的犬的血浆达特浓度尚未报道。这篇简短的通讯描述了患有良性或恶性肿瘤的狗的血浆达特浓度以及患有恶性肿瘤的狗的高凝状态的发生率。第1组包括16只临床健康的成年犬;根据体格检查、常规血液学检查和血清生化分析，认为这些犬临床正常。第2组包括11只患有良性肿瘤的狗：5只患有腺瘤，3只患有平滑肌瘤，2只患有血管瘤，1只患有脂肪瘤。第3组由62只患有恶性肿瘤的狗组成，该组进一步分为四个亚组：27只患有上皮性肿瘤的狗，17只患有除血管肉瘤外的间叶性肿瘤的狗; 10只患有血管肉瘤的狗和8只患有造血系统肿瘤的狗。将第2组和第3组中的犬转诊至日本大学动物医学中心，并通过组织病理学检查诊断其肿瘤。所有犬在采血前均未接受任何抗凝剂或血液制品。将血样收集到含有0·13 M柠檬酸三钠（9份血液对1份抗凝剂）的试管中，并在2000 g下离心10分钟，将柠檬酸化血浆冷冻在-30 ℃下直至分析。通过酶免疫测定法（达特Test Kokusai-F; International Reagents Corporation）测量血浆达特浓度。使用Mann-Whitney U检验比较各组之间的血浆达特浓度。对于统计学分析，将所用测定方法检测不到的血浆达特浓度（<0.4 ng/ml）视为0.4 ng/ml。为了检测高凝状态的发生率，将血浆达特浓度的参考范围确定为从组1获得的平均（2sd）浓度。血浆达特浓度高于参考范围的犬被视为表现出高凝状态。第1组中的中位（范围）血浆达特浓度为0.5（<0.4至0.6）ng/ml，第2组为0.4（<0.4至6.3）ng/ml，第3组为1.3（0.4至49.3）ng/ml;
IT has been suggested that coagulation abnormalities such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) might be caused by the excessive activation of coagulation in dogs with malignant tumours (O’Keefe and Couto 1988). Since excessive activation of coagulation leads to over-generation of thrombin, increased concentrations of thrombin measured in circulating blood would indicate an activation of coagulation. Thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TATs), which are formed rapidly after thrombin production, have been identified as a marker of coagulation activation (Pelzer and others 1988). The plasma TAT concentration has been reported to be useful for evaluating the activation of coagulation in dogs (Ravanat and others 1995), and is available as a marker of the hypercoagulable state in dogs with Cushing’s syndrome (Jacoby and others 2001). However, the plasma TAT concentrations in dogs with malignant tumours have not been reported. This short communication describes the plasma TAT concentrations in dogs with benign or malignant tumours and the incidence of a hypercoagulable state in dogs with malignant tumours.The plasma TAT concentrations of three groups of dogs were examined. Group 1 comprised 16 clinically healthy adult dogs; the dogs were considered clinically normal on the basis of physical examination, routine haematological examination and serum biochemical analysis. Group 2 comprised 11 dogs with benign tumours: five with an adenoma, three with a leiomyoma, two with a haemangioma and one with a lipoma. Group 3 consisted of 62 dogs with malignant tumours, this group was further divided into four subgroups: 27 dogs with epithelial tumours, 17 with mesenchymal tumours except haemangiosarcoma; 10 with haemangiosarcomas and eight with haematopoietic tumours. The dogs in groups 2 and 3 were referred to the Animal Medical Center of Nihon University and their tumours were diagnosed by histopathological examination. None of the dogs received any anticoagulants or blood products before blood sampling. Blood samples were collected into tubes containing 0· 13M trisodium citrate (nine parts blood to one part anticoagulant) and centrifuged at 2000 g for 10 minutes, and the citrated plasma was frozen at–30 C until analysis. The plasma TAT concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay (TAT Test Kokusai-F; International Reagents Corporation). Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare plasma TAT concentrations between the groups. For statistical analysis, plasma TAT concentrations undetectable by the assay method used (< 0· 4 ng/ml) were regarded as 0· 4 ng/ml. To detect the incidence of a hypercoagulable state, a reference range of plasma TAT concentration was established as the mean (2sd) concentration obtained from group 1. Dogs with plasma TAT concentrations above the reference range were regarded as displaying a hypercoagulable state. The median (range) plasma TAT concentrations were 0· 5 (< 0· 4 to 0· 6) ng/ml in group 1, 0· 4 (< 0· 4 to 6· 3) ng/ml in group 2 and 1· 3 (0· 4 to 49· 3) ng/ml in group 3; concentrations