The law (and politics) of safe injection facilities in the United States
The law (and politics) of safe injection facilities in the United States
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2006.103747
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Burris, Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beletsky, Leo;Davis, Corey S.;Burris, Scott
安全注射设施 (SIF) 在减少与注射毒品使用相关的危害和社会成本方面已显示出希望。其他地方的积极评价引发了其在美国实施的问题。认识到法律决定了针对吸毒者的健康干预措施，我们分析了美国公开授权的 SIF 的法律环境。尽管州和一些市政府有权根据州法律批准 SIF，但联邦当局仍然可以根据《受控物质法》干预这些设施。只有在联邦当局明确授权或决定不干预的情况下，州或地方授权的 SIF 才能在没有法律不确定性的情况下进行。考虑到法律上的不确定性以及注射器交换计划的类似经验，我们建议采取持续的健康研究、战略宣传和政治审议的过程。
Safe injection facilities (SIFs) have shown promise in reducing harms and social costs associated with injection drug use. Favorable evaluations elsewhere have raised the issue of their implementation in the United States. Recognizing that laws shape health interventions targeting drug users, we analyzed the legal environment for publicly authorized SIFs in the United States. Although states and some municipalities have the power to authorize SIFs under state law, federal authorities could still interfere with these facilities under the Controlled Substances Act. A state- or locally-authorized SIF could proceed free of legal uncertainty only if federal authorities explicitly authorized it or decided not to interfere. Given legal uncertainty, and the similar experience with syringe exchange programs, we recommend a process of sustained health research, strategic advocacy, and political deliberation.