Protestants, Peace and the Apocalypse: The USSR's Religious Cold War, 1947-62
Protestants, Peace and the Apocalypse: The USSR's Religious Cold War, 1947-62
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新教徒、和平与启示录：苏联的宗教冷战，1947-62
DOI：
10.1177/0022009417719997
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Dobson M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dobson M
近年来，历史学家越来越关注冷战的宗教层面。然而，这些研究主要集中在资本主义世界，特别是美国福音派和原教旨主义的兴起。这篇文章将焦点转向共产主义对手，询问苏联是否也参与了“宗教冷战”。鉴于苏联国家建立在无神论的信念之上，这可能看起来违反直觉，但宗教动态在苏联也越来越重要。苏联官员试图创建所谓的“普世运动”，邀请宗教演员成为苏联和平信息的倡导者。尤其是新教徒，他们在国际舞台上是重要的人物，因为他们在西方有大量的信徒。然而，与此同时，当局对国内的各种基层现象感到震惊，这些现象似乎随着冷战的升级而上升，例如和平主义和末日预言。面对这样的威胁，国家的策略包括逮捕信徒和敌对的新闻宣传。尽管所有人都很容易看到这种不一致，但这种二元论的方法并没有被放弃，最终与“宗教冷战”的自我挫败的接触仍在继续。
In recent years historians have paid growing attention to the religious dimensions of the Cold War. These studies have largely focused, however, on the capitalist world, particularly the rise of evangelicalism and fundamentalism in the USA. This article turns the spotlight on the communist adversary, asking whether the USSR also participated in a ‘religious Cold War'. Given the atheist convictions on which the Soviet state was founded, this might appear counter-intuitive, but religious dynamics were of growing importance in the USSR too. Soviet officials sought to create what was called an ‘ecumenical movement', inviting religious actors to become advocates for the Soviet peace message. Protestants, in particular, were important figures on the international stage because of the large communities of co-believers in the West. At the same time, however, the authorities were alarmed about various grass-roots phenomena at home which seemed to be on the rise as the Cold War escalated, such as pacifism and apocalyptic prediction. Faced with such threats, state tactics included the arrest of believers and hostile press campaigns. Even though the inconsistencies were readily visible to all, this dualistic approach was not abandoned and the ultimately self-defeating engagement with the ‘religious Cold War' continued.