Maternal diabetes affects specific extracellular matrix components during placentation
Maternal diabetes affects specific extracellular matrix components during placentation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00839.x
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Martin, S. San
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giachini, F. R. C.;Carriel, V.;Martin, S. San
在胚胎着床过程中，侵袭性滋养细胞介导胚胎侵入脱胞基质，形成丰富的腔隙网络，将胚胎组织与母体血管连接起来。胎盘可能是由子宫内膜细胞外基质的组成和组织引导的。怀孕期间发生的某些病理状况，包括糖尿病，与胎盘形态异常和随之而来的胎儿发病率有关。我们利用免疫过氧化物酶技术鉴定了大鼠胎盘各区室中胶原蛋白、蛋白聚糖和糖蛋白家族的成员，并确定实验诱导的糖尿病是否会影响胎盘形态，并改变这些分子在妊娠期间的分布。采用四氧嘧啶单次注射（40 mg kg(-1)）诱导Wistar大鼠妊娠第2天发生糖尿病。于第14、17、20天采集胎盘。ⅰ型和ⅲ型胶原蛋白以及蛋白聚糖decorin和biglycan分布于对照组和糖尿病大鼠的胎盘。在两组中，层粘连蛋白的表达在妊娠结束时都有所下降。相比之下，纤维连接蛋白在糖尿病大鼠所有妊娠阶段的迷宫区都被检测到，而在对照组大鼠的胎盘中仅在足月妊娠时被检测到。这些结果首次表明一些细胞外基质分子在胎盘发育过程中受到调节。然而，由于糖尿病大鼠只在迷宫区出现纤维连接蛋白沉积增加，我们推测糖尿病改变了母胎界面的微环境，导致后代发育异常。
During embryo implantation, invasive trophoblast cells mediate embryo invasion into the decidualized stroma, forming a rich network of lacunae that connect the embryonic tissues to the maternal blood vessels. Placentation is probably guided by the composition and organization of the endometrial extracellular matrix. Certain pathological conditions that occur during pregnancy, including diabetes, have been linked to abnormal placental morphology and consequent fetal morbidity. We used immunoperoxidase techniques to identify members of the collagen, proteoglycan and glycoprotein families in the various compartments of the rat placenta and to determine whether experimentally induced diabetes affects placental morphology and alters the distribution of these molecules during pregnancy. Single injections of alloxan (40 mg kg(-1) i.v.) were used to induce diabetes on day 2 of pregnancy in Wistar rats. Placentas were collected on days 14, 17, and 20. Type I and III collagen, as well as the proteoglycans decorin and biglycan, were found to be distributed throughout the placentas of control and diabetic rats. In both groups, laminin expression decreased at the end of pregnancy. In contrast, fibronectin was detected in the labyrinth region of diabetic rats at all gestational stages studied, whereas it was detected only at term pregnancy in the placentas of control rats. These results show for the first time that some extracellular matrix molecules are modulated during placental development. However, as diabetic rats presented increased fibronectin deposition exclusively in the labyrinth region, we speculate that diabetes alters the microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface, leading to developmental abnormalities in the offspring.