Six Software Engineering Principles for Smarter Cyber-Physical Systems
Six Software Engineering Principles for Smarter Cyber-Physical Systems
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DOI：
10.1109/acsos-c52956.2021.00058
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Danny Weyns;T. Bures;R. Calinescu;Barnaby Craggs;J. Fitzgerald;D. Garlan;B. Nuseibeh;L. Pasquale;A. Rashid;I. Ruchkin;B. Schmerl
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文献类型：
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作者：
Danny Weyns;T. Bures;R. Calinescu;Barnaby Craggs;J. Fitzgerald;D. Garlan;B. Nuseibeh;L. Pasquale;A. Rashid;I. Ruchkin;B. Schmerl
信息物理系统（CPS）集成了计算和物理组件。随着社会和工业的数字化以及系统的不断集成，CPS需要变得“更智能”，因为它们可以适应和学习处理新的和意外的条件，并随着时间的推移而改进。更智能的CPS提出了现有工程方法难以解决的挑战组合：交织的数字，物理和社会空间，异构建模形式主义的需求，与上下文相关的合作以实现系统目标的需求，在不断变化的环境中广泛的不确定性和中断，固有的人类成分，以及不断遇到新的情况。虽然已经提出了一些方法来应对这些挑战，但缺乏对工程智能CPS的一致观点。在本文中，我们提出了六个工程原则，以应对智能CPS的挑战。由于智能CPS是软件密集型系统，我们接近他们从软件工程的角度与自适应的角度，提供了一个有效的方法来处理运行时的变化。这六个原则为智能CPS的工程和运营创造了一个综合的环境。
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate computational and physical components. With the digitisation of society and industry and the progressing integration of systems, CPS need to become “smarter” in the sense that they can adapt and learn to handle new and unexpected conditions, and improve over time. Smarter CPS present a combination of challenges that existing engineering methods have difficulties addressing: intertwined digital, physical and social spaces, need for heterogeneous modelling formalisms, demand for context-tied cooperation to achieve system goals, widespread uncertainty and disruptions in changing contexts, inherent human constituents, and continuous encounter with new situations. While approaches have been put forward to deal with some of these challenges, a coherent perspective on engineering smarter CPS is lacking. In this paper, we present six engineering principles for addressing the challenges of smarter CPS. As smarter CPS are software-intensive systems, we approach them from a software engineering perspective with the angle of self-adaptation that offers an effective approach to deal with run-time change. The six principles create an integrated landscape for the engineering and operation of smarter CPS.