Autophagy in health and disease. 2. Regulation of lipid metabolism and storage by autophagy: pathophysiological implications
Autophagy in health and disease. 2. Regulation of lipid metabolism and storage by autophagy: pathophysiological implications
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.00527.2009
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Czaja, Mark J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Czaja, Mark J.
沙皇MJ。健康与疾病中的自噬。2.自噬对脂质代谢和储存的调节：病理生理学意义。美国生理学杂志细胞生理学298：C973-C978，2010年。首次发表于2010年1月20日; doi：10.1152/ajpcell.00527.2009。自噬是一种溶酶体降解途径，对于细胞器和蛋白质等细胞成分的去除和分解至关重要。尽管自噬和脂质代谢的调节和功能有惊人的相似之处，但这两个过程直到最近才被证明是相互关联的。这篇综述详细介绍了自噬在脂质代谢和储存中的关键功能的新发现。在肝细胞和肝脏中的研究已经证明，巨自噬介导储存在脂滴中的脂质的分解，并且自噬的抑制导致脂肪肝的发展。相反，在脂肪细胞中，大自噬的丧失通过影响白色和棕色脂肪细胞分化而减少脂肪组织中储存的脂质的量。其他研究表明，自噬和脂质之间的关系是双向的，细胞脂质含量的变化改变自噬功能。这些新描述的自噬与脂质代谢和储存之间的联系为这两个过程的机制提供了新的见解。研究结果还表明，可能的新的治疗方法的问题，脂质过度积累和受损的自噬发生与衰老和代谢综合征。
Czaja MJ. Autophagy in health and disease. 2. Regulation of lipid metabolism and storage by autophagy: pathophysiological implications. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 298: C973-C978, 2010. First published January 20, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00527.2009.-Autophagyis a lysosomal degradative pathway critical for the removal and breakdown of cellular components such as organelles and proteins. Despite striking similarities in the regulation and function of autophagy and lipid metabolism, the two processes have only recently been shown to be interrelated. This review details new findings of critical functions for autophagy in lipid metabolism and storage. Studies in hepatocytes and liver have demonstrated that macroautophagy mediates the breakdown of lipids stored in lipid droplets and that an inhibition of autophagy leads to the development of a fatty liver. In contrast, in adipocytes the loss of macroautophagy decreases the amount of lipid stored in adipose tissue through effects on white and brown adipocyte differentiation. Other investigations have indicated that the relationship between autophagy and lipids is bidirectional, with changes in cellular lipid content altering autophagic function. These newly described links between autophagy and lipid metabolism and storage have provided new insights into the mechanisms of both processes. The findings also suggest possible new therapeutic approaches to the problems of lipid overaccumulation and impaired autophagy that occur with aging and the metabolic syndrome.