Not Just How Much, But How Many: Overall and Domain-Specific Activity Variety and Cognitive Functioning in Adulthood
Not Just How Much, But How Many: Overall and Domain-Specific Activity Variety and Cognitive Functioning in Adulthood
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbac053
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发表时间：
2022-05-13
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Charles, Susan T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jeon, Sangha;Lee, Soomi;Charles, Susan T.
积极的生活方式与更高水平的认知功能有关。很少有研究探讨参与不同活动（活动多样性）对认知功能的重要性。此外，目前还不清楚是否在特定领域的活动变化（即，认知的、身体的或社会的）对于认知健康是重要的。目前的研究探讨是否整体活动的多样性，以及在特定领域的多样性与认知功能。在美国中年发展调查的第2波和第3波中，3，337名成年人报告了他们的活动参与情况并完成了认知电池。在纵向分析中，2,049名参与者根据他们在9年内活动多样性的排序（保持高、增加、减少或保持低）分为4组。结果横断面分析显示，整体活动多样性与更高的认知功能和以上的活动频率;身体和社会活动的多样性，每个贡献显着和独特的这种关联。纵向分析显示，在调整了波2的认知功能后，在两个波中整体活动多样性始终较低的人在波3的认知功能低于在任何一个波中活动多样性较高的人。那些持续高或增加社会活动多样性的人在第三波的认知功能高于两波活动多样性低的参与者。讨论结果表明，活动的多样性，特别是在社会领域，是有关的并发和未来的认知功能在整个成年。
Objectives Active lifestyles are related to higher levels of cognitive functioning. Fewer studies have examined the importance of engaging in different activities (activity variety) for cognitive functioning. Moreover, it is unclear whether activity variety in specific domains (i.e., cognitive, physical, or social) is important for cognitive health. The current study examined whether overall activity variety as well as variety in specific domains relate to cognitive functioning. Methods In Waves 2 and 3 of the Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, 3,337 adults reported their activity engagement and completed a cognitive battery. For longitudinal analyses, 2,049 participants were classified into 4 groups based on their rank ordering of activity variety across 9 years (remained high, increased, decreased, or remained low). Results Cross-sectional analyses revealed that overall activity variety was related to higher cognitive functioning over and above activity frequency; physical and social activity variety each contributed significantly and uniquely to this association. Longitudinal analyses revealed that those with consistently low overall activity variety at both waves had lower cognitive functioning at Wave 3 than those with high activity variety at either wave, after adjusting for cognitive functioning at Wave 2. Those with consistently high or increasing social activity variety had higher cognitive functioning at Wave 3 than participants with low activity variety at both waves. Discussion Findings suggest that activity variety, particularly in the social domain, is related to concurrent and future cognitive function across adulthood.