Measuring social attention and motivation in autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking: Stimulus type matters.
Measuring social attention and motivation in autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking: Stimulus type matters.
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.1479
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schultz RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chevallier C;Parish-Morris J;McVey A;Rump KM;Sasson NJ;Herrington JD;Schultz RT
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特征是与社会注意力缺陷有关的社会障碍，包括对面部的凝视减少。眼动追踪研究通常用于检查ASD的社会注意力和社会动机，但它们的敏感性不同。在这项研究中，我们假设社会刺激的生态性质会影响参与者的社会注意力，在更自然的场景中的凝视行为最能预测ASD与典型的发展。81名患有和没有ASD的儿童参加了三项眼动追踪任务，这些任务在社会刺激的生态相关性方面有所不同。在“静态视觉探索”任务中，呈现物体和人的静态图像;在“动态视觉探索”任务中，并排呈现个体面部和物体的视频片段;在“交互式视觉探索”任务中，呈现儿童在自然环境中玩物体的视频片段。我们的分析揭示了任务，社会与对象刺激和诊断之间的三向互动。这种互动是由一个任务上的群体差异驱动的-互动任务。贝叶斯分析证实，其他两个任务是不敏感的组成员。此外，ROC分析表明，与其他两个任务，交互式任务有显着的分类能力。社会刺激的生态相关性是眼动追踪研究的一个重要因素，旨在测量ASD的社会注意力和动机。
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social impairments that have been related to deficits in social attention, including diminished gaze to faces. Eye-tracking studies are commonly used to examine social attention and social motivation in ASD, but they vary in sensitivity. In this study, we hypothesized that the ecological nature of the social stimuli would affect participants' social attention, with gaze behavior during more naturalistic scenes being most predictive of ASD vs. typical development. 81 children with and without ASD participated in three eye-tracking tasks that differed in the ecological relevance of the social stimuli. In the “Static Visual Exploration” task, static images of objects and people were presented; in the “Dynamic Visual Exploration” task, video clips of individual faces and objects were presented side-by-side; in the “Interactive Visual Exploration” task, video clips of children playing with objects in a naturalistic context were presented. Our analyses uncovered a three-way interaction between Task, Social vs. Object Stimuli, and Diagnosis. This interaction was driven by group differences on one task only – the Interactive task. Bayesian analyses confirmed that the other two tasks were insensitive to group membership. In addition, ROC analyses demonstrated that, unlike the other two tasks, the Interactive task had significant classification power. The ecological relevance of social stimuli is an important factor to consider for eye-tracking studies aiming to measure social attention and motivation in ASD.