Patterns of performance degradation and restoration during sleep restriction and subsequent recovery: a sleep dose-response study
Patterns of performance degradation and restoration during sleep restriction and subsequent recovery: a sleep dose-response study
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2869.2003.00337.x
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Balkin, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belenky, G;Wesensten, NJ;Balkin, TJ
在长期睡眠限制或增强期间以及随后的恢复睡眠期间，检查了白天的表现变化。66名正常志愿者每天在床上（TIB）躺3 （n = 18）、5 （n = 16）、7 （n = 16）或9小时（n = 16），持续7天（限制/增强），然后连续3天每天躺8小时（恢复）。在3小时组中，精神运动警觉性任务（PVT）的反应速度（平均和最快的10%）下降，PVT失误（反应时间大于500 ms）在7天的睡眠限制中稳步增加。在7 h和5 h组中，速度先下降，然后稳定在降低的水平；仅在5小时组失误增加。在9小时组，速度和失速保持在基线水平。在恢复期间，7和5小时组的PVT速度（以及5小时组的失速）保持稳定，但在实验阶段的最后几天看到水平降低，没有恢复的证据。第1晚恢复性睡眠后，3小时组的速度和失速迅速恢复；然而，恢复是不完全的，速度和失误稳定在与7和5小时组相当的水平。在恢复阶段，9小时组的表现保持在基线水平。这些结果表明，大脑适应了长期的睡眠限制。在轻度至中度睡眠限制中，这种适应足以稳定表现，尽管水平有所降低。据推测，这些适应性变化会限制大脑的操作能力，并在恢复正常睡眠时间后持续数天，从而延迟恢复。
Daytime performance changes were examined during chronic sleep restriction or augmentation and following subsequent recovery sleep. Sixty-six normal volunteers spent either 3 (n = 18), 5 (n = 16), 7 (n = 16), or 9 h (n = 16) daily time in bed (TIB) for 7 days (restriction/augmentation) followed by 3 days with 8 h daily TIB (recovery). In the 3-h group, speed (mean and fastest 10% of responses) on the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) declined, and PVT lapses (reaction times greater than 500 ms) increased steadily across the 7 days of sleep restriction. In the 7- and 5-h groups speed initially declined, then appeared to stabilize at a reduced level; lapses were increased only in the 5-h group. In the 9-h group, speed and lapses remained at baseline levels. During recovery, PVT speed in the 7- and 5-h groups (and lapses in the 5-h group) remained at the stable, but reduced levels seen during the last days of the experimental phase, with no evidence of recovery. Speed and lapses in the 3-h group recovered rapidly following the first night of recovery sleep; however, recovery was incomplete with speed and lapses stabilizing at a level comparable with the 7- and 5-h groups. Performance in the 9-h group remained at baseline levels during the recovery phase. These results suggest that the brain adapts to chronic sleep restriction. In mild to moderate sleep restriction this adaptation is sufficient to stabilize performance, although at a reduced level. These adaptive changes are hypothesized to restrict brain operational capacity and to persist for several days after normal sleep duration is restored, delaying recovery.