Psychodynamics of Drug Dependence
Psychodynamics of Drug Dependence
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药物依赖的心理动力学
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Julius
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Blaine;D. Julius
在过去的二十年里，对药物依赖性的研究主要集中在个别药物--它们的药代动力学、生化结构和生理效应--或它们的社会影响，由流行病学研究中使用的人口统计变量和治疗系统中的参数来表示。缺失在个体层面上也得到了同等的重视，关注的是整个人格的结构和动态。我们有足够的概念类比来获取物理数据和社会学数据，但相对缺乏可靠的类比，用于介于两者之间的数据，在一个人直接经历药物依赖的水平上。
我们需要在这一水平上进行研究，以确定表明倾向于药物依赖的高危特征，组织诊断特征，指示不同的治疗方案。人口统计学变量，如年龄、性别、社会经济地位、“宗教信仰”、父母吸毒情况，似乎是不同程度的药物滥用倾向的重要指标。然而，我们不知道为什么在同样面临某种药物风险的人中，有些人愿意，有些人不会成为药物依赖者。性格上的差异可能会造成这种差异。
Over the past two decades research in drug dependence has focused primarily on individual drugs-their pharmacokinetics, biochemical structure and physiological effects-or on their social impact, indicated by demographic variables used in epidemiologic studies and as parameters in treatment systems. Missing has been an equivalent emphasis at the level of the individual person, focused on the structure and dynamics of the total personality. We have adequate conceptual rubrics for capturing physical data and sociological data, but a comparative dearth of reliable rubrics for the data in between, at the level where a person directly experiences drug dependence.
We need research at this level in order to identify high risk traits that signal predilection to drug dependence, to organize traits for diagnosis, to indicate differential treatment regimens. Demographic variables such as age, sex, socioeconomic status, “religiosity,” parental drug use, appear to be significant indicators of varying degrees of drug abuse predilection. However, we don’t know why among people similarly at risk to a given drug, some will and some won’t become drug dependent. Differences in personality may make the difference.