Eight-year trends in food, energy and macronutrient intake in a sample of elderly German subjects
Eight-year trends in food, energy and macronutrient intake in a sample of elderly German subjects
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DOI：
10.1079/bjn20041333
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Neuhäuser-Berthold, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jungjohann, SM;Lührmann, PM;Neuhäuser-Berthold, M
作为德国吉森老龄化人口营养和健康状况纵向研究(Gisela研究)的一部分，调查了1994至2002年间食物以及相应的能量和常量营养素摄入量的时间趋势。膳食摄入量是通过专门为这项研究开发和验证的3D估计膳食记录来评估的。根据性别和年龄组(1904-1928年出生，1929-1942年出生)，对532名年龄在60岁及以上的受试者的2135份记录进行了分别分析。结果表明，在研究期间，吉塞拉受试者的食物、能量和常量营养素的摄入量保持相当稳定。然而，观察到消费模式发生了一些重大变化，主要是在妇女和年轻群体中，这符合德国的国家趋势。在吉塞拉受试者中观察到的最明显的变化是水(每年+21.05至+41.61毫升/天)和蔬菜(每年+2.94至+3.38克/天)的摄入量增加，咖啡和茶(每年-10.65至-15.99毫升/天)以及肉类(每年-1.79至-2.56克/天)的消费量减少。更健康的食物选择和改变饮食习惯的能力可能与吉塞拉受试者相对于同等年龄段的联邦平均水平相对较高的健康意识有关。
Time trends in the food and the corresponding energy and macronutrient intake between 1994 and 2002 are investigated as part of the longitudinal study on nutrition and health status in an ageing population in Giessen, Germany (GISELA study). The dietary intake is assessed via a 3 d estimated dietary record especially developed and validated for this study. A total of 2135 records from 532 subjects, aged 60 years and over, are analysed separately according to sex and age groups (born 1904-1928 and born 1929-1942). Results show that the food, energy and macronutrient intake of the GISELA subjects stayed fairly stable over the study period. However, some significant changes in the consumption pattern are observed, predominantly in the women and the younger age groups, which correspond to the national trends in Germany. Most obvious changes observed among the GISELA subjects are the increased intake of water (between +21.05 and +41.61 ml/d per year) and vegetables (between +2.94 and +3.38 g/d per year) and a reduced consumption of coffee and tea (between -10.65 and -15.99 ml/d per year) as well as of meat (between -1.79 and -2.56 g/d per year). The healthier food choices and the ability to change food habits could be related to the relatively high health-awareness of the GISELA subjects compared to the federal average of equivalent age groups.