Increasing wildfire in Alaska's boreal forest: Pathways to potential solutions of a wicked problem
Increasing wildfire in Alaska's boreal forest: Pathways to potential solutions of a wicked problem
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DOI：
10.1641/b580609
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Naylor, Rosamond L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapin, F. Stuart, III;Trainor, Sarah F.;Naylor, Rosamond L.
最近全球环境和社会的变化产生了一系列“邪恶的问题”，没有最佳的解决方案。在这篇文章中，我们通过描述全球变暖对阿拉斯加野火政权和土著社区的影响来说明这些问题的邪恶本质，我们提出了一种最大限度地减少负面影响和最大限度地提高积极成果的方法。气候变暖导致阿拉斯加野火面积增加，增加了农村土著社区的火灾风险，减少了短期生存机会。继续目前的灭火政策将最大限度地减少这些负面影响，但它也会在社区附近造成与燃料积聚有关的次要问题，并导致生存机会持续下降。社区和机构之间开展合作，在社区附近采集易燃燃料用于取暖和发电，并利用野外火灾改善周围森林的生境，可以减少社区对全球气候变化直接和间接影响的脆弱性。
Recent global environmental and social changes have created a set of "wicked problems" for which there are no optimal solutions. In this article, we illustrate the wicked nature of such problems by describing the effects of global warming on the wildfire regime and indigenous communities in Alaska, and we suggest an approach for minimizing negative impacts and maximizing positive outcomes. Warming has led to an increase in the areal extent of wildfire in Alaska, which increases fire risk to rural indigenous communities and reduces short-term subsistence opportunities. Continuing the current fire suppression policy would minimize these negative impacts, but it would also create secondary problems near communities associated with fuel buildup and contribute to a continuing decline in subsistence opportunities. Collaborations between communities and agencies to harvest flammable fuels for heating and electrical power generation near communities, and to use wild land fire for habitat enhancement in surrounding forests, could reduce community vulnerability to both the direct and the indirect effects of global climate change.