Strontium isotopes reveal distant sources of architectural timber in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico
Strontium isotopes reveal distant sources of architectural timber in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.211305498
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发表时间：
2001-10-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Quade, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
English, NB;Betancourt, JL;Quade, J
公元900年至1150年间，新墨西哥州的查科峡谷（Chaco）被用来建造史前的大房子，那里现在已经没有树木了。超过五分之一的木材是云杉（云杉）或冷杉（冷杉），这些木材是从75-100公里外的孤立山顶上手工搬运的。由于当地的灰尘、水和基岩中的锶被树木吸收，因此可以通过比较不同遗址和建筑时期的建筑梁中的Sr-87/Sr-86比率与周围山脉中活树中的比率来确定具体的伐木地点。Sr-87/Sr-86的比值表明，这些光束来自丘斯卡山和圣马特奥山（泰勒山），但不是来自同样靠近的圣佩德罗山。在同一个房间，伟大的房子，和一年的两个来源的日志合并建议在查科峡谷储存和社区间的合作。早在公元974年，人们就使用了丘斯卡山和圣马特奥山的树木，而不是圣佩德罗山的树木，这表明木材来源的选择更多地受到地区社会经济联系的驱动，而不是简单的资源随距离和时间而枯竭的模型。
Between A.D. 900 and 1150, more than 200,000 conifer trees were used to build the prehistoric great houses of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, in what is now a treeless landscape. More than one-fifth of these timbers were spruce (Picea) or fir (Abies) that were hand-carried from isolated mountaintops 75-100 km away. Because strontium from local dust, water, and underlying bedrock is incorporated by trees, specific logging sites can be identified by comparing Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios in construction beams from different ruins and building periods to ratios in living trees from the surrounding mountains. Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios show that the beams came from both the Chuska and San Mateo (Mount Taylor) mountains, but not from the San Pedro Mountains, which are equally close. Incorporation of logs from two sources in the same room, great house, and year suggest stockpiling and intercommunity collaboration at Chaco Canyon. The use of trees from both the Chuska and San Mateo mountains, but not from the San Pedro Mountains, as early as A.D. 974 suggests that selection of timber sources was driven more by regional socioeconomic ties than by a simple model of resource depletion with distance and time.