Physical factors that trigger cholesterol crystallization leading to plaque rupture
Physical factors that trigger cholesterol crystallization leading to plaque rupture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.06.027
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Abela, George S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vedre, Ameeth;Pathak, Dorothy R.;Abela, George S.
背景：斑块破裂的触发因素一直难以捉摸。最近的研究表明，胆固醇从液态转变为晶体状态时会膨胀，从而破坏覆盖的斑块。本研究考察了物理条件（包括饱和度、温度、水合作用、pH 值）对胆固醇结晶的影响。方法：量筒中装有不同量的胆固醇粉末（1、2 和 3 克），并在 37°C 下溶解在玉米油中。测量每个饱和度的体积膨胀变化 (Delta VE) 和结晶时间。改变温度（22-44℃）时重复相同的操作；水合作用（1-3ml H2O）； pH (5-8.4) 以及饱和度和温度的组合。使用扫描电子显微镜评估晶体形态，使用 X 射线衍射法评估胆固醇的分子结构。结果：增加饱和度会提高 Delta VE（3 g：0.53 +/- 0.1 ml 与 1 g：0.14 +/- 0.02 ml 和 2 g：0.3 +/- 0.1 ml；p < 0.0001；p < 0.01）和 3 分钟内的变化率（3 g：60% 对比 1 g：14%）。晶体形态与刺穿人体斑块的晶体相同。温度下降增加了 Delta VE（44 摄氏度：0.05 +/- 0.01 ml 与 22 摄氏度：0.5 +/- 0.07ml；p
Background: Triggers of plaque rupture have been elusive. Recently it was demonstrated that cholesterol expands when transforming from a liquid to a crystal state, disrupting overlying plaque. This study examined the effect of physical conditions including saturation, temperature, hydration, pH on cholesterol crystallization.Methods: Graduated cylinders were filled with varying amount of cholesterol powder (1, 2 and 3 g) and dissolved in corn oil at 37 C. Change in volume expansion (Delta VE) and time to crystallization were measured for each saturation. The same was repeated while varying temperature (22-44 degrees C); hydration (1-3 ml H2O); pH (5-8.4) and combination of saturation and temperature. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to evaluate crystal morphology and X-ray diffractometry to assess molecular structure of cholesterol.Results: Increasing saturation raised both Delta VE (3 g: 0.53 +/- 0.1 ml vs. 1 g: 0.14 +/- 0.02 ml and 2 g: 0.3 +/- 0.1 ml; p < 0.0001; p < 0.01) and rate of change over 3 min (3 g: 60% vs. 1 g: 14%). Crystal morphology was the same seen with crystals perforating human plaques. Temperature drop increased Delta VE (44 degrees C: 0.05 +/- 0.01 ml vs. 22 degrees C: 0.5 +/- 0.07ml; p