Wildfire impact on disinfection byproduct precursor loading in mountain streams and rivers
Wildfire impact on disinfection byproduct precursor loading in mountain streams and rivers
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野火对山间溪流和河流中消毒副产物前体负荷的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2023.120474
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Hanigan, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hickenbottom, Kenneth;Pagilla, Krishna;Hanigan, David
我们调查了短期（火灾后第一次降水）和长期（11个月）的Caldor和Moscow火灾（2021年和2022年）对水质，溶解有机物和消毒副产品（DBP）前体的影响在燃烧和邻近未燃烧的流域。这两个燃烧的流域经历了水质退化相比，其配对的未燃烧的流域，包括增加溶解有机碳（DOC），溶解有机氮（DON），和DBP前体降水事件。风暴事件期间，Caldor Fire燃烧流域的DBP前体浓度高于未燃烧流域;三卤甲烷（THMs），卤乙酸（哈斯），卤乙腈（HAN）和卤乙酰胺（HAM）的前体浓度分别为533 µg/L，1，231 µg/L，64和58 µg/L。与火灾后的风暴期间未燃烧的流域相比，蚊火烧毁的流域中THM（44微克/升）、HAA（37微克/升）、HAN（7微克/升）和HAM（13微克/升）前体的中位浓度也更高。两个燃烧流域的初始冲洗形成了更高浓度的毒性DBPs，如HAN和HAM。Caldor火灾烧伤面积经历了雨雪事件后不久，火灾产生的所有季节/降水事件/流域研究的水质最大的退化。从长期来看，统计分析表明，DOC和DON值在燃烧的卡尔多火灾流域仍然高于未燃烧的控制（0.98毫克C/L和0.028毫克N/L，分别）。这些短期和长期的研究结果表明，野火对这里研究的两个之外的公共供水系统提出了潜在的处理挑战。
We investigated short (first post-fire precipitation)- and long-term (11-month) impacts of the Caldor and Mosquito Fires (2021 and 2022) on water quality, dissolved organic matter, and disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors in burned and adjacent unburned watersheds. Both burned watersheds experienced water quality degradation compared to their paired unburned watersheds, including increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and DBP precursors from precipitation events. DBP precursor concentrations during storm events were greater in the Caldor Fire's burned watershed than in the unburned watershed; precursors of trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), and haloacetamides (HAMs) were 533 µg/L, 1,231 µg/L, 64 and 58 µg/L greater. The burned watershed of the Mosquito Fire also had greater median concentrations of THM (44 µg/L), HAA (37 µg/L), HAN (7 µg/L), and HAM (13 µg/L) precursors compared to the unburned watershed during a storm immediately following the fire. Initial flushes from both burned watersheds formed greater concentrations of more toxic DBPs, such as HANs and HAMs. The Caldor Fire burn area experienced a rain-on-snow event shortly after the fire which produced the greatest degradation of water quality of all seasons/precipitation events/watersheds studied. Over the long term, statistical analysis revealed that DOC and DON values in the burned watershed of the Caldor Fire remained higher than the unburned control (0.98 mg C/L and 0.028 mg N/L, respectively). These short and long-term findings indicate that wildfires present potential treatment challenges for public water systems outside of the two studied here.