Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of phthalate esters in agricultural soil and vegetables in the Yangtze River Delta of China.
Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of phthalate esters in agricultural soil and vegetables in the Yangtze River Delta of China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137978
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Luyun Wei;Zhiheng Li;Jianteng Sun;Lizhong Zhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luyun Wei;Zhiheng Li;Jianteng Sun;Lizhong Zhu
土壤-植物系统是邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的重要环境储存库，是影响人类健康的重要暴露途径。在这项研究中，农业土壤和蔬菜样品收集了长江三角洲（约211，700平方公里），在中国最发达的地区之一，以确定优先邻苯二甲酸酯的污染特征。土壤中六种邻苯二甲酸酯的总浓度范围为5.42至1580纳克·克− 1干重，蔬菜中为10.9至16，400纳克·克− 1干重。邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）分别占土壤和蔬菜中PAEs总量的88.3%和61.9%。土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的空间分布为：上海市（70.8 ~ 1583 ng·g-1dw）>安徽省（46.8 ~ 1530 ng·g-1dw）>江苏省（14.4 ~ 558 ng·g-1dw）>浙江省（5.40 ~ 488 ng·g-1dw）。成人和儿童的非癌症风险分别为6.5%和7.8%。成人和儿童的致癌风险分别为5.6%和1.3%。PAEs的生物富集系数（BCF）与蔬菜中脂肪含量呈正相关。基于分区限制模型，提出了保证叶菜类蔬菜安全性的油脂含量阈值的基本参考。建议在重污染区种植油脂含量<0.21%的蔬菜。本研究为经济发达地区土壤-植物系统中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物污染的有效控制提供了依据。
As an important environmental reservoir of phthalate esters (PAEs), soil-plant system constitutes a key exposure pathway to human health. In this study, agricultural soil and vegetable samples were collected from the Yangtze River Delta (approximately 211,700 km2), one of the most developed regions in China, to determine the contamination characteristics of priority PAEs. The total concentrations of six PAEs ranged from 5.42 to 1580 ng·g−1dry weight in soils and from 10.9 to 16,400 ng·g−1dry weight in vegetables. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) accounted for 88.3% and 61.9% of the total PAEs in soils and vegetables, respectively. The spatial distribution of PAEs in the soils was as follows: Shanghai city (70.8–1583 ng·g−1dw) > Anhui province (46.8–1530 ng·g−1dw) > Jiangsu province (14.4–558 ng·g−1dw) > Zhejiang province (5.40–488 ng·g−1dw). Non-cancer risks exist for adults and children in 6.5% and 7.8% of the sites, respectively. Carcinogenic risks were regarded unacceptable in 5.6% and 1.3% of the sites for adults and children, respectively. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of PAEs showed positive correlation with lipid content of vegetables. A basic reference of the lipid-content threshold to guarantee the safety of leafy vegetables was proposed based on partition-limited model. We suggested to cultivate vegetables with lipid content <0.21% in most heavily contaminated area in the region. This study provides information for effectively controlling PAEs contamination in soil-plant system in developed districts.