Executive functioning skills in preschool-age children with cochlear implants.
Executive functioning skills in preschool-age children with cochlear implants.
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DOI：
10.1044/2014_jslhr-h-13-0054
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pisoni DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beer J;Kronenberger WG;Castellanos I;Colson BG;Henning SC;Pisoni DB
本研究的目的是确定是否缺陷的执行功能（EF）的儿童人工耳蜗植入（CI）出现早在学龄前。两组3至6岁的儿童参加了这项横断面研究：24名学龄前儿童在36个月之前患有CI，21名学龄前儿童听力正常（NH）。所有测试的工作记忆，抑制浓度和组织整合的规范措施。父母完成了与EF相关的问题行为的标准化评定量表。与CI儿童的EF技能进行了比较与NH同龄人和出版的全国代表性规范。学龄前儿童与CI表现出显着较差的性能抑制浓度和工作记忆相比，同龄人与NH和国家规范。在视觉记忆和组织整合方面没有发现组间差异。当数据控制语言，EF的性能指标的差异仍然存在，而父母报告的EF问题的差异不再显着。听力史通常与EF无关。这是第一个研究表明，EF赤字发现在年龄较大的儿童与CI开始出现早在学龄前。早期发现这些缺陷的能力对人工耳蜗植入后的早期干预和治疗具有重要意义。
The purpose of this study was to determine whether deficits in executive functioning (EF) in children with cochlear implants (CIs) emerge as early as the preschool years. Two groups of children ages 3 to 6 years participated in this cross-sectional study: 24 preschoolers who had CIs prior to 36 months of age and 21 preschoolers with normal hearing (NH). All were tested on normed measures of working memory, inhibition-concentration, and organization-integration. Parents completed a normed rating scale of problem behaviors related to EF. Comparisons of EF skills of children with CIs were made to peers with NH and to published nationally representative norms. Preschoolers with CIs showed significantly poorer performance on inhibition-concentration and working memory compared with peers with NH and with national norms. No group differences were found in visual memory or organization-integration. When data were controlled for language, differences in performance measures of EF remained, whereas differences in parent-reported problems with EF were no longer significant. Hearing history was generally unrelated to EF. This is the first study to demonstrate that EF deficits found in older children with CIs begin to emerge as early as preschool years. The ability to detect these deficits early has important implications for early intervention and habilitation after cochlear implantation.