A truncated FGF receptor blocks neural induction by endogenous Xenopus inducers.
A truncated FGF receptor blocks neural induction by endogenous Xenopus inducers.
复制标题
截短的 FGF 受体可阻断内源性非洲爪蟾诱导剂的神经诱导。
作者：
C. Launay;Valérie Fromentoux;D. Shi;J. Boucaut
我们研究了成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）信号在神经诱导中的作用。该方法利用了这样一个事实，即头蛋白和显性负突变激活素受体（delta 1XAR 1）直接诱导神经组织在缺乏背中胚层。一个截短的FGF受体（XFD）与头蛋白或delta 1XAR 1在整个胚胎和分离的动物帽中共表达。我们表明，抑制FGF信号传导防止神经诱导这两个因素。此外，神经诱导的组织者（背唇的囊胚和亨森结）也被阻断抑制FGF信号外胚层。有人提出，规范的前神经外胚层，包括水泥腺，发生在一个连续的方式作为原肠胚的进行。我们表明，最前面的神经外胚层由头蛋白的规范可能发生在原肠胚形成之前，并不需要FGF信号，因为无论是水泥腺标记XCG-1和前神经标记OTx-2通常表达外胚层外植体共注射头蛋白和XFD RNA，但水泥腺细胞分化差。相反，CSKA诱导的两个基因的表达。头蛋白在囊胚中期转变后表达，XFD的存在强烈抑制了头蛋白的表达。因此，在原肠胚阶段发生的头蛋白介导的神经诱导在没有FGF信号传导的情况下被消除。由于FGF信号的抑制阻断了通过独立机制起作用的不同神经诱导剂的神经化作用，我们提出FGF受体相关信号是对来自原肠胚的外胚层细胞的诱导信号的响应所必需的。
We have examined the role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling in neural induction. The approach takes advantage of the fact that both noggin and the dominant negative mutant activin receptor (delta1XAR1) directly induce neural tissues in the absence of dorsal mesoderm. A truncated FGF receptor (XFD) is co-expressed with noggin or delta1XAR1 in both whole embryos and isolated animal caps. We demonstrate that inhibition of FGF signalling prevents neural induction by both factors. Furthermore, neural induction by organizers (the dorsal lip of blastopore and Hensen's node) is also blocked by inhibiting FGF signalling in ectoderm. It has been proposed that the specification of anterior neuroectoderm, including the cement gland, occurs in a sequential manner as gastrulation proceeds. We show that the specification of the most anterior neuroectoderm by noggin may occur before gastrulation and does not require FGF signalling, since both the cement gland marker XCG-1 and the anterior neural marker Otx-2 are normally expressed in ectodermal explants co-injected with noggin and XFD RNAs, but the cement gland cells are poorly differentiated. In contrast, the expression of both genes induced by CSKA.noggin, which is expressed after the mid-blastula transition, is strongly inhibited by the presence of XFD. Therefore the noggin-mediated neural induction that takes place at gastrula stages is abolished in the absence of FGF signalling. Since inhibition of FGF signalling blocks the neuralizing effect of different neural inducers that function through independent mechanisms, we propose that FGF receptor-related-signalling is required for the response to inducing signals of ectodermal cells from gastrula.
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