Hereditary ovarian carcinoma: heterogeneity, molecular genetics, pathology, and management.

Hereditary ovarian carcinoma: heterogeneity, molecular genetics, pathology, and management.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molonc.2009.02.004
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发表时间:
2009-04
期刊:
影响因子:
6.6
通讯作者:
Godwin AK
Godwin AK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lynch HT;Casey MJ;Snyder CL;Bewtra C;Lynch JF;Butts M;Godwin AK

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遗传性卵巢癌在2009年估计新增的22,000例卵巢癌病例中至少占5%。在此期间,超过15,000人将死于可归因于卵巢起源的恶性肿瘤。这些遗传性病例中的大部分符合遗传性乳腺癌-卵巢癌综合征,而其余几乎所有的病例都将与林奇综合征一致,这些疾病主要是常染色体遗传的。分子遗传学的进展导致了BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变的发现,BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变是遗传性乳腺癌-卵巢癌综合征的易感基因,错配修复基因突变是最常见的易患Lynch综合征的MSH2和MLH1基因突变。这些发现使相对确定性仅受其可变外显率的限制,因此通过全面的癌症家族史进行早期诊断是可能的。本文就遗传性卵巢癌的分子遗传学基础、病理及表型/基因异质性作一综述。
Hereditary ovarian cancer accounts for at least 5% of the estimated 22,000 new cases of this disease during 2009. During this same time, over 15,000 will die from malignancy ascribed to ovarian origin. The bulk of these hereditary cases fit the hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome, while virtually all of the remainder will be consonant with the Lynch syndrome, disorders which are autosomal dominantly inherited. Advances in molecular genetics have led to the identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations which predispose to the hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome, and mutations in mismatch repair genes, the most common of which are MSH2 and MLH1, which predispose to Lynch syndrome. These discoveries enable relative certainty limited only by their variable penetrance, so that early diagnosis through a comprehensive cancer family history might be possible. This paper reviews the subject of hereditary ovarian cancer, with particular attention given to its molecular genetic basis, its pathology, and its phenotypic/genotypic heterogeneity.
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