Meta-analysis of field experiments shows no change in racial discrimination in hiring over time
Meta-analysis of field experiments shows no change in racial discrimination in hiring over time
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1706255114
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发表时间：
2017-10-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Midtboen, Arnfinn H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quillian, Lincoln;Pager, Devah;Midtboen, Arnfinn H.
本研究调查了美国劳动力市场招聘歧视程度随时间的变化。我们对每一项针对非洲裔美国人或拉丁美洲人的招聘歧视的可用实地实验进行了荟萃分析 (n = 28)。这些研究总共代表了 26,326 个职位的 55,842 份申请。我们关注自 1989 年以来的趋势（n = 24 项研究），当时现场实验变得更加普遍，并且方法论得到了改进。自 1989 年以来，白人收到的回电平均比非裔美国人多 36%，比拉丁裔多 24%。尽管我们发现了一些证据表明对拉丁裔美国人的歧视有所下降，但我们观察到过去 25 年中对非裔美国人的招聘歧视程度没有任何变化。考虑到申请人的教育程度、申请人的性别、学习方法、职业群体和当地劳动力市场条件，对改变这一结果几乎没有作用。与美国社会歧视减少的说法相反，我们的估计表明歧视程度基本上没有变化，至少在雇用时如此。
This study investigates change over time in the level of hiring discrimination in US labor markets. We perform a meta-analysis of every available field experiment of hiring discrimination against African Americans or Latinos (n = 28). Together, these studies represent 55,842 applications submitted for 26,326 positions. We focus on trends since 1989 (n = 24 studies), when field experiments became more common and improved methodologically. Since 1989, whites receive on average 36% more callbacks than African Americans, and 24% more callbacks than Latinos. We observe no change in the level of hiring discrimination against African Americans over the past 25 years, although we find modest evidence of a decline in discrimination against Latinos. Accounting for applicant education, applicant gender, study method, occupational groups, and local labor market conditions does little to alter this result. Contrary to claims of declining discrimination in American society, our estimates suggest that levels of discrimination remain largely unchanged, at least at the point of hire.